I-Kaolin iyiminerali engeyona eyensimbi, okuyidwala lobumba nobumba elakhiwe kakhulu ngamaminerali obumba eqembu le-kaolinite. Ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okumhlophe nokuthambile, yaziwa nangokuthi inhlabathi yaseBaiyun. Iqanjwe ngegama leGaoling Village eJingdezhen, eSifundazweni saseJiangxi.

I-kaolin yayo emsulwa imhlophe, ithambile, futhi ithambile ngokwakheka, inezakhiwo ezinhle zomzimba nezamakhemikhali njengokuqina kanye nokumelana nomlilo. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamaminerali kwakhiwe kakhulu ngamaminerali afana ne-kaolinite, i-halloysite, i-hydromica, i-illite, i-montmorillonite, kanye ne-quartz kanye ne-feldspar. I-Kaolin isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni iphepha, izinto zobumba, nezinto eziphikisayo, kulandelwa ukumbozwa, izigcwalisi zerabha, ama-enamel glaze, kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa zesimende esimhlophe. Inani elincane lisetshenziswa kupulasitiki, upende, imibala, amasondo okugaya, amapensela, izimonyo zansuku zonke, insipho, izibulala-zinambuzane, imithi, izindwangu, uphethiloli, amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha, ukuvikela izwe, kanye neminye imikhakha yezimboni.

Amaminerali aqukethwe ku-kaolin ngokwemvelo ahlukaniswe kakhulu ngamaminerali obumba kanye namaminerali angewona ubumba. Amaminerali obumba ahlanganisa kakhulu amaminerali eqembu le-kaolinite kanye nenani elincane le-montmorillonite, i-mica, ne-chlorite; Amaminerali angewona ubumba ahlanganisa kakhulu i-feldspar, i-quartz, kanye nama-hydrate, kanye namanye amaminerali ensimbi njenge-hematite, i-siderite, i-limonite, amaminerali e-titanium njenge-rutile, kanye nezinto eziphilayo njengemicu yezitshalo. Isici esiyinhloko esinquma ukusebenza kwe-kaolin ngamaminerali obumba.

I-Kaolin isibe yinto ebalulekile yamaminerali emikhakheni eminingi efana nokwenza amaphepha, izinto zobumba, irabha, ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, ukumbozwa, imithi kanye nokuvikela izwe.

Imboni ye-ceramic iyona mboni yokuqala nesetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-kaolin. Umthamo ojwayelekile ungama-20% kuya kuma-30% efomula. Indima ye-kaolin ku-ceramics ukwethula i-Al2O3, ewusizo ekwakhiweni kwe-mullite, ithuthukise ukuzinza kwayo kwamakhemikhali kanye namandla okusila. Ngesikhathi sokusila, i-kaolin iyabola ukuze yakhe i-mullite, yakha uhlaka oluyinhloko lwamandla omzimba. Lokhu kungavimbela ukuguquka komkhiqizo, kwandise izinga lokushisa lokudubula, futhi kunikeze umzimba izinga elithile lobumhlophe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-kaolin inezinga elithile le-plasticity, ukunamathela, ukumiswa, kanye nekhono lokubopha, inika udaka lwe-porcelain kanye ne-glaze ukwakheka okuhle, okwenza umzimba wodaka lwe-ceramic ube wusizo emzimbeni wemoto kanye ne-grouting, okwenza kube lula ukwakheka. Uma isetshenziswa ezintanjeni, ingandisa ukufudumala futhi inciphise ukulahleka kwe-dielectric.

I-ceramics ayinazo nje kuphela izidingo eziqinile ze-plasticity, ukunamathela, ukuncipha kokomisa, amandla okomisa, ukuncipha kokusila, izakhiwo zokusila, ukumelana nomlilo, kanye nobumhlophe be-kaolin ngemuva kokudubula, kodwa futhi ihilela izakhiwo zamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi ukuba khona kwezinto ezibangela i-chromogenic njengensimbi, i-titanium, ithusi, i-chromium, kanye ne-manganese, okunciphisa ubumhlophe be-post-shooting futhi kukhiqize amabala.

Isidingo sosayizi wezinhlayiya ze-kaolin ngokuvamile ukuthi uma zincane kakhulu, ukuze udaka lwe-porcelain lube ne-plasticity enhle namandla okomisa. Kodwa-ke, ngezinqubo zokubumba ezidinga ukubumba okusheshayo, isivinini sokugxusha esisheshayo, kanye nesivinini sokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, kuyadingeka ukwandisa usayizi wezinhlayiya zezithako. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umehluko ekubumbeni kwe-kaolinite ku-kaolin uzothinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwenqubo yama-billet e-porcelain. Uma i-crystallinity ilungile, i-plasticity kanye nekhono lokubopha liphansi, ukuminyana kokomisa kuncane, izinga lokushisa lokusila liphezulu, kanye nokuqukethwe kokungcola nakho kuncishisiwe; Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-plasticity yayo iphakeme, ukuminyana kokomisa kukhulu, izinga lokushisa lokusila liphansi, kanye nokuqukethwe kokungcola okuhambisanayo nakho kuphakeme.