I-Kaolin iyiminerali engeyona eyensimbi, okuyidwala lobumba nobumba ikakhulukazi elakhiwe ngamaminerali obumba weqembu le-kaolinite.Ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okumhlophe nokuthambile, yaziwa nangokuthi inhlabathi ye-Baiyun.Iqanjwe ngeGaoling Village eJingdezhen, esifundazweni saseJiangxi.

I-kaolin yayo emsulwa imhlophe, intekenteke, futhi ithambile ngokuthungwa, inezici ezinhle zomzimba namakhemikhali njengepulasitiki nokumelana nomlilo.Ukwakheka kwayo amaminerali ikakhulukazi amaminerali afana ne-kaolinite, i-halloysite, i-hydromica, i-illite, i-montmorillonite, kanye ne-quartz ne-feldspar.I-Kaolin isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iphepha, izitsha zobumba, kanye nezinto eziphikisayo, kulandelwa izinto zokumboza, izigcwalisi zenjoloba, okoqweqwe lwawo koqweqwe lwawo, kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa zikasimende omhlophe.Imali encane isetshenziswa kupulasitiki, upende, izingulube, amasondo okugaya, amapensela, izimonyo zansuku zonke, insipho, izibulala-zinambuzane, imithi, izindwangu, i-petroleum, amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha, ukuvikela izwe kanye neminye imikhakha yezimboni.

Amaminerali aqukethwe ku-kaolin ngokwemvelo ahlukaniswe kakhulu abe amaminerali obumba namaminerali angewona obumba.Amaminerali obumba ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa amaminerali eqembu le-kaolinite kanye nenani elincane le-montmorillonite, i-mica, ne-chlorite;Amaminerali okungewona obumba ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa i-feldspar, i-quartz, nama-hydrates, kanye namanye amaminerali ensimbi afana ne-hematite, i-siderite, i-limonite, amaminerali e-titanium afana ne-rutile, ne-organic matter efana nemicu yezitshalo.Isici esiyinhloko esinquma ukusebenza kwe-kaolin amaminerali obumba.

I-Kaolin isiphenduke i-mineral material eluhlaza ebalulekile ezimbonini eziningi ezifana ne-papermaking, i-ceramics, i-raber, ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, i-coatings, i-pharmaceuticals, kanye nokuvikela izwe.

Imboni ye-ceramic iyimboni yokuqala futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi ekusetshenzisweni kwe-kaolin.Umthamo ojwayelekile ungama-20% kuya ku-30% wefomula.Indima ye-kaolin kuma-ceramics ukwethula i-Al2O3, enenzuzo ekwakhekeni kwe-mullite, ithuthukise ukuqina kwayo kwamakhemikhali namandla e-sintering.Ngesikhathi sokushisa, i-kaolin iyabola ukuze yakhe i-mullite, yakha uhlaka oluyinhloko lwamandla omzimba.Lokhu kungavimbela ukuguqulwa komkhiqizo, kwandise izinga lokushisa lokudubula, futhi kunikeze umzimba izinga elithile lobumhlophe.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-kaolin inezinga elithile le-plasticity, ukunamathela, ukumiswa, kanye nekhono lokubopha, enikeza udaka lwe-porcelain kanye ne-glaze ngokubukeka okuhle, okwenza umzimba wodaka lwe-ceramic ube nenzuzo emzimbeni wemoto kanye ne-grouting, okwenza kube lula ukuwenza.Uma isetshenziswa ezintanjeni, ingakhuphula ukufakwa kwe-insulation futhi inciphise ukulahleka kwe-dielectric.

I-Ceramics ayinayo kuphela izidingo eziqinile ze-plasticity, ukunamathela, ukuncipha kokumisa, amandla okomisa, ukuncibilika kwe-sintering, izakhiwo ze-sintering, ukumelana nomlilo, nokukhishwa komlilo okumhlophe kwe-kaolin, kodwa futhi kuhilela izakhiwo zamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi ukuba khona kwezakhi ze-chromogenic ezifana nensimbi, i-titanium, ithusi, i-chromium, ne-manganese, enciphisa ubumhlophe bokudubula futhi ikhiqize amabala.

Isidingo sosayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-kaolin ngokuvamile ukuthi incinyane ibe ngcono, ukuze udaka lwe-porcelain lube nepulasitiki enhle namandla okomisa.Kodwa-ke, ngezinqubo zokuphonsa ezidinga ukukhishwa okusheshayo, isivinini esisheshayo se-grouting, nesivinini sokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, kuyadingeka ukwandisa usayizi wezinhlayiya zezithako.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umehluko ku-crystallinity ye-kaolinite ku-kaolin izophinde ibe nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwenqubo yamabhilidi e-porcelain.Uma i-crystallinity inhle, i-plasticity kanye nekhono lokubopha liphansi, i-shrinkage yokomisa incane, izinga lokushisa le-sintering liphezulu, futhi okuqukethwe kokungcola nakho kuyancipha;Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-plasticity yayo iphakeme, i-drying shrinkage inkulu, izinga lokushisa le-sintering liphansi, futhi okuqukethwe kokungcola okuhambisanayo nakho kuphakeme.