1. Izici ze-Diatomite

I-Diatomite ivame ukusetshenziswa ngesiNgisi njenge-“diatomite, diatomaceous earth, kieselguhr, inforial earth, Tripoli, fossil metal” njalo njalo. I-Diatomite yakhiwa ngokubeka izinsalela ze-diatom zezitshalo zasemanzini zasendulo ezi-unicellular. Izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele ze-diatom ukuthi zingakwazi ukumunca i-silicon yamahhala emanzini ukuze zakhe amathambo azo. Ngemva kokuphela kokuphila kwazo, ama-diatomite deposits akhiwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ze-geological. Ngokwezimo ze-metallogenic, kukhona umehluko phakathi kwe-lacustrine diatomite yamanzi alula kanye ne-salt water marine diatomite. I-Diatomite iyiminerali yobumba engeyona insimbi, ukwakheka kwayo okuyinhloko kwamakhemikhali yi-amorphous silica (noma i-amorphous silica), ehambisana nenani elincane le-montmorillonite, i-kaolinite, i-quartz kanye nokunye ukungcola kobumba kanye nezinto eziphilayo. Ngaphansi kwe-microscope, i-diatomite iveza izimo ezahlukene ze-algae. Usayizi we-algae eyodwa uyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-micron ambalwa kuya kwamashumi ama-micron. Kunezimbobo eziningi ze-nano ebusweni bangaphakathi nangaphandle be-algae. Lezi yizici eziyisisekelo zomzimba ze-diatomite ezihlukile kwezinye izimbiwa zobumba ezingezona ezensimbi. I-Diatomite inezici zesakhiwo esincane esinezimbobo, ukuminyana okuncane, indawo enkulu ethile, ukusebenza okuqinile kokumuncwa, ukuhlakazeka okuhle nokusebenza kokumiswa, izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ezizinzile, ukungacindezeleki okuhlobene, ukuvikela umsindo, ukuphela, ukuvikela ukushisa, ukuvikela, okungenabuthi futhi okungenambitheki. I-Diatomite ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa embonini ngaphandle kwezici ezingenhla.

2, Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Diatomite

A. I-Diatomite functional mineral filler: i-diatomite eluhlaza ore iyachotshozwa, yomiswe, ihlukaniswe ngomoya, ifakwe i-calcium (noma ifakwe i-calcium), bese ichotshozwa, ihlukaniswe, isuswe ukungcola, bese umkhiqizo otholakala ngemuva kokushintsha usayizi wezinhlayiya zawo kanye nezakhiwo zomphezulu ufakwa kweminye imikhiqizo yezimboni noma usetshenziswe njengenye yezingxenye zezinto zokusetshenziswa zemikhiqizo yezimboni, ezingathuthukisa futhi zithuthukise ezinye izakhiwo zale mikhiqizo. Sibiza i-diatomite ngokuthi i-functional mineral filler.

B. Usizo lokuhlunga lwe-Diatomite: i-diatomite inesakhiwo esinezimbobo, ukuminyana okuphansi, indawo enkulu ethile, ukungacindezeleki okuhlobene kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke ibizwa ngegama le-molecule yemvelo. I-Diatomite isetshenziswa njengezinto ezisetshenziswayo eziyinhloko. Ngemva kokuchoboza, ukomisa, ukuhlukaniswa, ukucutshungulwa, ukuhlukaniswa, ukususwa kwe-slag, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya kanye nezakhiwo zomphezulu kuyashintshwa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zenqubo yokuhlunga. Sibiza lolu hlobo lwendlela yokuhlunga engathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuhlunga kanye nokusebenza kahle njengosizo lokuhlunga lwe-diatomite.

1. Izinongo: i-monosodium glutamate, isosi yesoya, uviniga, uwoyela wesaladi, uwoyela we-rapeseed, njll.

Iwayini le-Baijiu 2.: ubhiya, utshwala, iwayini lezithelo, iwayini eliphuzi, iwayini lesitashi, ijusi lezithelo, iwayini, isiraphu yesiphuzo, isiphuzo, njll.

3. Imboni kashukela: isiraphu ye-fructose, isiraphu ye-fructose ephezulu, i-glucose, ushukela wesitashi, i-sucrose, njll.

4. Imithi: ama-antibiotic, amavithamini, ukuhlanzwa kwemithi yendabuko yaseShayina, ukugcwalisa izinto zamazinyo, izimonyo, njll.

5. Imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali: i-organic acid, i-inorganic acid, i-alkyd resin, i-sodium thiocyanate, upende, i-synthetic resin, njll.

6. Uwoyela wezimboni: uwoyela wokugcoba, isithasiselo samafutha okugcoba, ipuleti lensimbi kanye namafutha okugoqa i-foil, uwoyela we-transformer, isithasiselo se-petroleum, itiyela lamalahle, njll.

7. Ukwelashwa kwamanzi: amanzi angcolile asekhaya, amanzi angcolile asezimbonini, ukwelashwa kwendle, amanzi echibini lokubhukuda, njll.

C. Isitini sokufaka i-Diatomite siwuhlobo lomkhiqizo wokufaka i-insulation oqinile ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphakathi nendawo neziphezulu, osetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-oven ahlukahlukene ezimbonini ensimbini nasensimbini, ezinsimbini ezingezona ezensimbi, amaminerali angewona ensimbi, amandla kagesi, i-coking, usimende kanye nezimboni zengilazi. Kulesi simo, sisebenza kahle kakhulu ezinye izinto zokufaka i-insulation ezingenakuqhathaniswa nazo.

D. I-Diatomite particle adsorbent: enesimo esingajwayelekile sezinhlayiya, amandla amakhulu okumunca, amandla amahle, ukuvimbela umlilo, ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinambitheki, ayinathuli, ayisabalali ngemva kokumunca amanzi (uwoyela) futhi kulula ukululama ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, (1) isetshenziswa njenge-anti-caking agent (noma i-anti-caking agent) ku-deoxidizer yokugcina ukudla okusha; (2) isetshenziswa njenge-desiccant kumathuluzi kagesi, kumathuluzi anembile, kwezokwelapha, ekudleni nasezingutsheni; (3) isetshenziswa njenge-muncting yoketshezi olungena oluyingozi emhlabathini kubunjiniyela bokuvikela imvelo; (4) isetshenziswa njenge-soil conditioner noma i-modifier enkundleni yegalofu, enkundleni ye-baseball kanye notshani ukuthuthukisa ezemidlalo (5) embonini yezilwane ezifuywayo, isetshenziswa njenge-dirt yamakati, izinja kanye nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, ezaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi “i-cat litter”. E. I-Diatomite catalyst support: i-vanadium catalyst support, i-nickel catalyst support, njll.

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