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Ubumba lwe-kaolin oluhlanganisiwe lokukhiqiza ubumba lwe-ceramics, ukwakheka kwerabha yepulasitiki kanye nokwakheka kopende okusekela ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni
Impuphu ye-Kaolin iyimpuphu yamaminerali engeyona eyensimbi eyenzeka ngokwemvelo, eyakhiwe ngokuyinhloko yi-kaolinite, eyakhiwe ngenxa yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu isikhathi eside, ukuguqulwa kwe-hydrothermal, kanye nokuguqulwa kwamatshe e-aluminosilicate. Le mpuphu yamaminerali isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi yezimboni ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwayo okuyingqayizivele kwezakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni kwanamuhla. Ukucubungula i-kaolin powder kuhilela uchungechunge lwezinyathelo ezihlelekile: ukuchoboza i-kaolin ore eluhlaza ibe yizinhlayiya eziqinile, ukususa ukungcola ngezindlela zokuhlukanisa ngokomzimba, ukugaya ukuze kufezwe ubuncane obufiselekayo, kanye nokuguqulwa kokukhetha noma kobuso ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zayo zokusebenza.Inani lezimboni lempuphu ye-kaolin lisekelwe ezimpahleni zayo eziyinhloko, okuhlanganisa ubumhlophe obuphezulu, i-plasticity enhle kakhulu, ukungangeni kwamakhemikhali, ukuzinza kokushisa, kanye nokumuncwa kwamafutha okuphansi. Ubumhlophe bungenye yezimpawu ezivelele kakhulu zempuphu ye-kaolin, okwenza ifiseleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezidinga ukuqedwa okukhanyayo, okufanayo, nokungaguquguquki. Impuphu ye-kaolin yemvelo inobumhlophe obungokwemvelo, obungathuthukiswa kakhulu ngezinqubo zokuhlanza nokumhlopheza ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziqinile zezicelo eziphezulu. I-plasticity ivumela impuphu ye-kaolin ukuthi ibunjwe futhi ibunjwe kalula uma ixutshwe namanzi, igcine isimo sayo ngesikhathi sokomiswa nokushiswa, okubaluleke kakhulu ezinqubweni ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwe-ceramics. Ukungangeni kwamakhemikhali kuqinisekisa ukuthi impuphu ye-kaolin ayisabelani kalula nezinye izinto, okwenza ibe yisithasiselo esiphephile nesithembekile ezinqubweni ezahlukene zokukhiqiza, ngisho nasezindaweni zezimboni ezinzima.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-ceramics kungenye yezindlela ezindala nezibaluleke kakhulu zokusebenzisa i-kaolin powder, esebenza njengezinto eziwusizo kakhulu kokubili ekukhiqizeni i-ceramic yendabuko nethuthukisiwe. Ukwakheka kwe-Kaolin powder kuvumela abakhiqizi be-ceramic ukuthi bakhe izimo nemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi, kusukela ezitsheni zobumba zansuku zonke kanye nezitsha zokudla kuya ezitsheni ze-ceramics zezimboni ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Uma ixutshwe namanzi, i-kaolin powder yakha unamathisela obushelelezi, othambile ongabunjwa ube yinoma yiluphi uhlobo, futhi ngesikhathi sokudubula, idlula ezinguqukweni zamakhemikhali ezithuthukisa amandla, ukuqina, kanye nokumelana nokushisa komkhiqizo wokugcina we-ceramic. I-Calcined kaolin powder, eshiswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukuze kususwe umswakama kanye nokungcola, ithuthukisa kakhulu ubuningi kanye namandla e-ceramics, okwenza ifaneleke ezingxenyeni ze-ceramic ezithuthukisiwe ezisetshenziswa emishinini yezimboni kanye namadivayisi kagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-kaolin powder isiza ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lokudubula futhi inciphise imijikelezo yokudubula, yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwabakhiqizi be-ceramic.Imboni yephepha ingenye yabathengi abakhulu bempuphu ye-kaolin, lapho isetshenziswa khona kokubili njengokugcwalisa kanye nezinto zokumboza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwephepha. Njengesigcwalisi, impuphu ye-kaolin igcwalisa izikhala phakathi kwemicu yephepha, ithuthukise ukungabonakali kwephepha, ukushelela, kanye nokunyatheliswa. Iphinde ithuthukise amandla okuthamba kanye nokuqina kwephepha, inciphise ukuphuka ngesikhathi sokuphrinta nokuphathwa. Njengezinto zokumboza, impuphu ye-kaolin idala indawo ebushelelezi, efanayo ephepheni, ethuthukisa ukumuncwa kweyinki kanye nokucaca kokuphrinta, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu kumaphepha okuphrinta asezingeni eliphezulu, njengomagazini, izincwajana, nezinto zokupakisha. Impuphu ye-kaolin e-Ultrafine ifaneleka kakhulu ekumbozeni iphepha ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane bezinhlayiya, okuqinisekisa ukuqeda okubushelelezi kanye nokunamathela okuhle kakhulu kweyinki. Impuphu ye-kaolin eguquliwe ebusweni ithuthukisa ukuhambisana nemicu yephepha kanye nezihlanganisi zokumboza, ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yephepha iyonke.
Impuphu ye-kaolin isebenza njengesigcwalisi sezimboni esisebenzayo ekukhiqizeni ipulasitiki nerabha, lapho ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinto ngenkathi inciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Ekukhiqizeni ipulasitiki, impuphu ye-kaolin ingezwa kuma-polymer matrices ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okuthamba, amandla okugoba, kanye nokumelana nomthelela, kuyilapho futhi kunciphisa ukushwabana kanye nokugoba ngesikhathi sokubumba. Ukungangeni kwayo kwamakhemikhali kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nama-resin epulasitiki ahlukahlukene, kuvimbele ukusabela okungafuneki futhi kugcinwe ukuzinza kwezinto. Ekukhiqizeni irabha, impuphu ye-kaolin isebenza njengesigcwalisi esiqinisayo, sithuthukisa amandla okuthamba, ukumelana nokudabuka, kanye nokumelana nokuklwebheka kwamakhemikhali erabha. Iphinde ithuthukise ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokumelana nokuguga kwemikhiqizo yerabha, yandisa impilo yayo yesevisi ezindaweni ezinzima. Izicelo ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki, izingxenye zepulasitiki zezimoto, izivalo zerabha, kanye namapayipi ezimboni, lapho ukuqina nokusebenza kubalulekile khona.Embonini yokupenda nokufaka upende, i-kaolin powder isebenza njengesithasiselo esisebenzayo kanye nesandisi, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kokufaka upende futhi inciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza. Ithuthukisa ukungabonakali, i-viscosity, kanye nezakhiwo zokulinganisa upende, iqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okulinganayo kanye nokuphela okubushelelezi, okufanayo. I-kaolin powder iphinde ikhulise ukumelana nokuklwebheka kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kokufaka upende, yandisa impilo yenkonzo yezindawo ezipendiwe. Ubumhlophe bayo obuphezulu bufaka isandla emibala yopende ekhanyayo, ehlala isikhathi eside, inciphisa isidingo senani elikhulu lama-pigment abizayo. I-kaolin powder ene-calcined, enobulukhuni bayo obuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali, ifaneleka kakhulu ekufakeni upende okusebenza kahle kakhulu okusetshenziswa emishinini yezimboni, ezindaweni zokwakha, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungangeni kwamakhemikhali kwe-kaolin powder kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinye izithako zopende, kuvimbela ukuwohloka kokufaka upende futhi kugcinwe ikhwalithi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Imboni yepulasitiki isebenzisa kakhulu i-kaolin powder njengokuqinisa okungabizi kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele kwepulasitiki eyisisekelo. Uma ingezwa ku-polypropylene kanye ne-polyethylene (amapulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu), ithuthukisa kakhulu ukuqina kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki—okuyenza ifaneleke ekukhiqizeni ama-casing amadivayisi asekhaya (amafriji, imishini yokuwasha) kanye namaphrofayili epulasitiki okwakha (ozimele bomnyango namafasitela). Iphinde ithuthukise ukumelana nokushisa kwepulasitiki, ivumele ukuthi isetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni izindlu zikagesi (ezikhiqiza ukushisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza) ngaphandle kokuguquka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-kaolin powder ikhulisa ukuzinza kobukhulu bepulasitiki, ivimbele ukugoba noma ukuncipha ngemva kokubumba—okubalulekile ezingxenyeni zepulasitiki ezinembile. I-kaolin powder eguquliwe ebusweni ingahlakazeka ngokulinganayo kuma-matrices e-polymer, yakhe izibopho eziqinile zokuhlangana ezikhulisa ukumelana komthelela ngenkathi igcina ubushelevu bobuso—okubalulekile emikhiqizweni ezwela ukubukeka (njengezingxenye zokuhlobisa zepulasitiki). Okubalulekile, ihambisana ngokugcwele nezinqubo ezikhona zokukhipha kanye nokubumba umjovo, okuvumela abakhiqizi ukusebenzisa imishini ekhona ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okwengeziwe noma izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Ezinye izindlela zokusetshenziswa kwempuphu ye-kaolin ezimbonini zifaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuma-adhesive, ama-sealant, kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe. Kuma-adhesive nama-sealant, i-kaolin powder ithuthukisa amandla okubopha, i-viscosity, kanye ne-thixotropy, iqinisekisa izakhiwo zokusetshenziswa ezingcono kanye nokuqina kwesikhathi eside. Iphinde ithuthukise ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali kwama-adhesive, okwenza afaneleke ezindaweni ezinzima zezimboni. Kuzinto ezihlanganisiwe, i-kaolin powder iyengezwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kokushisa, amandla omshini, kanye nokuqina kobukhulu, okwenza ama-composite afaneleke ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, kusukela ezintweni zokwakha kuya ezingxenyeni ze-elekthronikhi. Impuphu ye-kaolin eguquliwe ebusweni, ephathwa ngama-coupling agents, ithuthukisa ukuhambisana nama-composite matrices, ithuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele.
Ukuguquguquka kanye nokusebenza kahle kwempuphu ye-kaolin kuqhuba isidingo esiqhubekayo kuyo yonke imikhakha yezimboni. Amandla ayo okuthuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo, ukunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezicelo ezahlukahlukene kuyenza ibe yinto ebalulekile ezintweni zobumba, iphepha, ipulasitiki, irabha, upende, kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe. Ngokungafani nemikhakha enqunyelwe, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-kaolin powder zezimboni zigxile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, zihambisana nezitayela zesimanje zokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula kanye nokwenza ngokwezifiso umkhiqizo, impuphu ye-kaolin ikulungele ukudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusungulweni kwezimboni, isekela ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo esebenza kahle kakhulu, eqinile iminyaka ezayo. -
Ukunamathela kwempuphu ye-Kaolin kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kokushisa kuqinisa ukuqina kwenhlanganisela thuthukisa ukusebenza okuphikisayo qinisa ukuguquguquka kwe-sealant thuthukisa ukuqina kwe-polymer thuthukisa ikhwalithi ye-asphalt
I-Kaolin Powder iyiminerali engeyona eyensimbi etholakala ngokwemvelo elawulwa yi-kaolinite, eyakhiwe ngokubola kancane kancane nokuguqulwa kwamadwala e-aluminosilicate acebile nge-feldspar ngaphansi kwesenzo esihlangene samanzi, umoya kanye nezici zebhayoloji eminyakeni eyizigidi. Iqukethe ukuthungwa okuthambile, okusilika okuzwakala kubushelelezi ukuthintwa, izinhlayiya ezincane ezifana nepuleti ezinesakhiwo se-lamellar esincane kakhulu (esingadlulana futhi sixhumene) kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali ezihambisanayo ezisekela inani layo elikhulu lezimboni. Izici eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi ubumhlophe obungokwemvelo obugwema ukushintsha kombala wemikhiqizo yokugcina ekhanyayo noma esobala, i-plasticity enhle kakhulu evumela ukwakheka okulula ezinhlelweni eziqinile (njenge-sealant pastes) ngaphandle kokuqhekeka, ukungangeni kwamakhemikhali okuzinzile okumelana nokusabela ngama-reagents avamile ezimbonini njengama-resins, izinyibilikisi kanye nama-plasticizer, kanye nokubopha okuqinile kwe-lamellar okuthuthukisa ukuzinza kokwakheka kanye nekhono lokulwa nokuxazulula. Lezi zakhiwo zemvelo, ezihlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula obungenziwa ngokwezifiso, zivumela ukuthi ihlanganiswe ngokungenamthungo ezinketheni zezimboni ezahlukahlukene ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imisebenzi eyinhloko yezinto eziyisisekelo, isebenza njengesikhuthazi sokusebenza esithule esithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.Amasu okucubungula i-kaolin powder ahlelwe ngokucophelela ukuze avule imisebenzi eqondiwe yezidingo ezahlukene zezimboni. Ukugeza, njengesinyathelo sokuhlanza esiyisisekelo, kuhilela ukuchoboza i-ore eluhlaza ibe yizingcezu ezincane kuqala, bese kuhlanganiswa namanzi ukuze kwakheke i-slurry efanayo. Le slurry ibe isidluliswa ngemishini yokuhlukanisa i-centrifugal esheshayo ukuze kususwe ukungcola okunzima, okusanhlamvu okuqinile kanye nokungcola kwezinto eziphilayo—le ndlela ithuthukisa ubumsulwa kanye nokufana kosayizi wezinhlayiyana ngokusebenza kahle kakhulu kunokuhlukaniswa kwendabuko kwamandla adonsela phansi, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okuzwela umbala njengemikhiqizo yepulasitiki ekhanyayo. Ukufaka i-calcine kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu: izinhlayiya zishiswa kuma-oven avaliwe ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezilawulwa ngokuqinile kanye nesimo sezulu ukuze kususwe umswakama wangaphakathi nezinto eziphilayo. Le nqubo ibangela izinguquko ezicashile esakhiweni sekristalu, iguqula i-kaolin ibe yi-metakaolin eqhosha ngokuqina okukhulu, ukuzinza kokushisa kanye nokungacaci—okubalulekile ezimweni zokushisa okuphezulu njengezinto eziphikisayo. Ukuguqulwa kwendawo kubalulekile ukuze kuhambisane ne-matrices eziphilayo: izinhlayiya zimbozwe ngama-ejenti okuhlanganisa i-silane kuma-mixer anejubane eliphezulu, zakha ungqimba oluncane olusebenzayo ebusweni oluthuthukisa ukubopha nama-polymer nama-resin. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuvimbela ngempumelelo ukuhlangana kwezinhlayiya futhi kwandisa imiphumela yokuqinisa ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe. Isinyathelo ngasinye sokucubungula silungiswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zokusetshenziswa kokugcina, okuqinisekisa ukuthi i-kaolin powder inikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu emikhakheni eyahlukene yezimboni.Imboni yokunamathela kanye neyokuvala incike kakhulu ku-kaolin powder ukuxazulula amaphuzu abalulekile obuhlungu bokwakheka ezimweni zezimboni. Ilungisa ngokunembile i-viscosity ye-adhesive formulations ibe uhla olufanele—ukuvimbela ukugoba noma ukuconsa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okuqondile ezingxenyeni zemishini (njengezingxenye zenjini) ngenkathi igcina ubushelelezi obufanele bokubopha amajoyinti amapayipi angajwayelekile (okuvamile ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali). Usayizi wezinhlayiya ezincane kanye nekhono lokumiswa eliqinile le-kaolin powder kugcina i-adhesions ifana futhi izinzile ngesikhathi sokugcina isikhathi eside (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusezitsheni ezivaliwe noma kumashubhu aguquguqukayo), igwema ukuchitheka noma ukuhlukaniswa okubangela amandla okubopha angalingani. I-kaolin powder ithuthukisa amandla okubopha ngezindlela ezimbili: izinhlayiya zayo ezincane kakhulu zingena ngokujulile ezimbotsheni ezincane kanye nemifantu ye-substrate—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi insimbi (insimbi, i-aluminium), ipulasitiki (i-polypropylene, i-PVC) noma ukhuni (i-plywood, ukhuni oluqinile)—zakha ukuxhumana okuqinile kwemishini; okwamanje, amaqembu ayo asebenzayo ebusweni (ngemuva kokuguqulwa) akha izibopho zamakhemikhali ezibuthakathaka nezindawo ze-substrate, ngokumelana ngokuhlanganyela ukuxebuka, ukucheba kanye nokugqwala okuvela kumakhemikhali ezimboni (njengezinyibilikisi nama-asidi). Ezivaleni ezisetshenziselwa imishini yamakhemikhali (ama-reactor, amathangi okugcina), kukhulisa kakhulu ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali, okuvumela ama-sealant ukuthi amelane nezimo zokusebenza ezinzima (ukushisa okuphezulu, igesi egqwalisayo) ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukulahlekelwa ukunwebeka, okuvikela ngempumelelo imishini ekuvuzayo futhi okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokukhiqiza.Umkhakha wezinto ezivuselelayo ubheka ukuzinza kokushisa okumangalisayo kwempuphu ye-kaolin kanye nekhono lokulwa nokuchitheka ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi omunye umkhakha. Uma ixutshwe ne-alumina kanye ne-magnesia ngezilinganiso zesayensi (ilungiswe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zemishini), yakha izingxube ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokukhiqiza izinto ezikhishwayo ezivuselelayo kanye nezinhlaka zesithando—ezigxile emishinini ebalulekile efana nezithando zokuncibilikisa ingilazi (ezisebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu) kanye nama-kiln ajikelezayo esimende (kuncike ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa okuvamile). Lezi zingxube, ezinempuphu ye-kaolin njengengxenye eyinhloko yokusebenza, zingagcina ubuqotho besakhiwo obuzinzile ngisho nangaphansi kokushisa okukhulu, zakha izithiyo eziqinile zokuvikela ezivikela izindonga zesithando ekushaqekeni okukhulu kokushisa (okubangelwa ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe noma ukwehla) kanye nokugqwala okuvela kumagesi ayingozi (okukhishwa ngesikhathi sokuncibilika noma izinqubo ze-calcining). Isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sempuphu ye-kaolin sigcwalisa izikhala ezincane phakathi kwezinhlayiya ezivuselelayo eziqinile, sithuthukisa kakhulu ubuningi bemikhiqizo evuselelayo futhi sinciphise ukulahleka kokushisa okuvela ezithandweni—kusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi onge amandla. Okubaluleke kakhulu, isici sayo esihle kakhulu sokulwa nokuchitheka sivimbela ukuqhekeka kwezinto noma ukuqhekeka okubangelwa imijikelezo yokushisa ephindaphindwayo, sandisa kakhulu impilo yesevisi yezinhlayiya ezivuselelayo futhi sinciphise isikhathi sokulungisa kanye nezindleko zokushintsha amafektri.Imboni yepulasitiki isebenzisa kakhulu i-kaolin powder njengokuqinisa okungabizi kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele kwepulasitiki eyisisekelo. Uma ingezwa ku-polypropylene kanye ne-polyethylene (amapulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu), ithuthukisa kakhulu ukuqina kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki—okuyenza ifaneleke ekukhiqizeni ama-casing amadivayisi asekhaya (amafriji, imishini yokuwasha) kanye namaphrofayili epulasitiki okwakha (ozimele bomnyango namafasitela). Iphinde ithuthukise ukumelana nokushisa kwepulasitiki, ivumele ukuthi isetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni izindlu zikagesi (ezikhiqiza ukushisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza) ngaphandle kokuguquka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-kaolin powder ikhulisa ukuzinza kobukhulu bepulasitiki, ivimbele ukugoba noma ukuncipha ngemva kokubumba—okubalulekile ezingxenyeni zepulasitiki ezinembile. I-kaolin powder eguquliwe ebusweni ingahlakazeka ngokulinganayo kuma-matrices e-polymer, yakhe izibopho eziqinile zokuhlangana ezikhulisa ukumelana komthelela ngenkathi igcina ubushelevu bobuso—okubalulekile emikhiqizweni ezwela ukubukeka (njengezingxenye zokuhlobisa zepulasitiki). Okubalulekile, ihambisana ngokugcwele nezinqubo ezikhona zokukhipha kanye nokubumba umjovo, okuvumela abakhiqizi ukusebenzisa imishini ekhona ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okwengeziwe noma izindleko zokukhiqiza.Imboni yezinto ezihlanganisiwe isebenzisa i-kaolin powder ukuze ilinganisele kahle ukusebenza, izindleko kanye nesisindo—izidingo ezintathu eziyinhloko ekukhiqizweni kwe-composite. Ezinhlanganisela eziqiniswe nge-fiber ezisetshenziselwa ama-wind turbine blades (adinga amandla aphezulu kanye nesisindo esincane) kanye nezingxenye ezilula zezimoto (ezihlose ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli), i-kaolin powder isebenza njengokugcwalisa okusebenzayo okungagcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuqina, ukumelana nokukhathala kanye nokuqina kobukhulu bezinto ezihlanganisiwe kodwa futhi kunciphisa ngempumelelo isisindo sonke. Ingathatha indawo yengxenye yezintambo zekhabhoni ezibizayo noma izintambo zeglasi ekwakhiweni kwe-composite, yehlise kakhulu izindleko zokukhiqiza ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni amandla esakhiwo. Izinhlayiya ezifana nepuleti le-kaolin powder zingahambisana ne-composite matrices ngesikhathi sokucubungula, zakha “inethiwekhi yokuqinisa i-lamellar” ethuthukisa ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka—idlulisela ngempumelelo amandla angaphandle ezingxenyeni ze-fiber, ivimbele umonakalo wendawo (njengokuphuka kwe-fiber noma ukuqhekeka kwe-matrix) futhi yandise impilo yenkonzo yezingxenye ezihlanganisiwe ngaphansi kwemithwalo yesikhathi eside (evamile ekusebenzeni kwe-wind turbine kanye nokushayela kwezimoto).Umkhakha wokuguqulwa kwe-asphalt (uhlelo olusha oluhlukile emibhalweni yangaphambilini) wamukela ngentshiseko i-kaolin powder ngekhono layo eliyingqayizivele lokuthuthukisa ukusebenza komgwaqo ngokuphelele. Uma ingezwa ezingxubeni ze-asphalt (izinto eziyinhloko zokwakha umgwaqo), ithuthukisa kakhulu ukuzinza kwe-asphalt ekushiseni okuphezulu, inciphise ingozi yokuguguleka (okwakhiwe yithrafikhi enkulu) emigwaqweni ezindaweni ezishisayo (njengezindawo ezishisayo noma ezishisayo). Isakhiwo sayo se-lamellar singakha inethiwekhi evikelayo eqinile ku-asphalt, sithuthukise ukusebenza kokulwa nokuguga (simelana nokushiswa yilanga nomoya) kanye nokumelana namanzi (sivimbele amanzi ukuthi angene ezingqimbeni zomgwaqo)—okwandisa kakhulu impilo yenkonzo yomgwaqo. I-Kaolin powder iphinde ilungise i-asphalt viscosity ibe uhla olufanele, ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokwakhiwa (okwenza kube lula ukuyiqaqa nokuyihlanganisa) ngaphandle kokuthinta ubulukhuni bokugcina bomphezulu womgwaqo. Lolu hlelo lusetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni komgwaqo omkhulu nowasemadolobheni, ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi abalulekile adinga ukuqina okuphezulu (njengemigwaqo emikhulu kanye nemigwaqo yezindiza), ihlangabezana kahle nezidingo zengqalasizinda yezokuthutha ethembekile nehlala isikhathi eside. -
I-Kaolin powder yokupenda nokugqoka iqinisa ukunamathela kanye nokuqeda okungabonakali kahle kwangaphakathi nezinto zokuhlobisa zangaphandle nezokuhlobisa
Impuphu ye-Kaolin isibe yisithako esithandwa kakhulu futhi esisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwezimonyo, ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kobuso, umzimba kanye nezinwele, ngenxa yekhono layo lemvelo lokuthuthukisa ukuthungwa nokuthuthukisa ukumuncwa kwamafutha—izakhiwo ezimbili ezibalulekile ezihambisana nezidingo zabathengi zemikhiqizo yobuhle esebenzayo, emnene neyemvelo. Imboni yezimonyo ibone ukushintshela okukhulayo ezithakweni zemvelo eminyakeni yamuva nje, okuqhutshwa ukuqwashisa kwabathengi ngezingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene nezithasiselo zokwenziwa kanye nesifiso semikhiqizo esebenza kahle futhi enomusa esikhumbeni nasezinweleni. Impuphu ye-Kaolin, enokwakheka kwayo kwamaminerali kanye nokusebenza kwayo okuqinisekisiwe, ivele njengento ebalulekile kulo mnyakazo wobuhle bemvelo. I-kaolin yezinga lezimonyo ihlanzwa kahle kakhulu ukuze isuse konke ukungcola, iqinisekise ukuthi iphephile ukuthintana ngqo nesikhumba nezinwele.
Imikhiqizo yezimonyo idinga ibhalansi ecophelelayo yokukhanga kobuhle (ukusetshenziswa okubushelelezi, umuzwa omnandi), ukuhambisana kwesikhumba nezinwele (ubumnene, ukungacasuli) kanye nokusebenza kahle (ukulawula uwoyela, ukuhlanza, ukuhlanza)—konke okulethwa yimpuphu ye-kaolin ngaphandle kwezithasiselo zokwenziwa. Ihlanziwe ukuze kususwe ukungcola futhi kufezwe usayizi wezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, isibe yingxenye ebalulekile ekwakhiweni okusukela kumamaski obumba kanye nezihlanzi kuya kuma-powder, ama-lotion kanye nemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwezinwele. Ngokungafani nezithako zokwenziwa ezingase zibangele ukucasuka noma zivale ama-pores, impuphu ye-kaolin ayisebenzi ngokwemvelo futhi iyahambisana nazo zonke izinhlobo zesikhumba, kufaka phakathi isikhumba esibucayi nesivame ukuba nama-acne.
Ukuthungwa okuthuthukisiwe kumelela njengenzuzo eshesha kakhulu nebonakalayo yempuphu ye-kaolin ezimonyweni, kuphakamisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo ebonwayo. Inikeza umuzwa obushelelezi, othambile futhi olula ekwakhiweni, okwenza ukusetshenziswa kube lula futhi kujabulise. Usayizi wezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu zempuphu ye-kaolin yezinga lobuhle uqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo esikhumbeni noma ezinweleni, ukuvimbela ukugoqana, ukugoqana noma izinsalela ezinamatshe ezingase zenzeke ngobumba obusezingeni eliphansi. Lokhu kuthungwa okubushelelezi kuyisici esibalulekile ekwanelisekeni kwabathengi, njengoba imikhiqizo yezimonyo ezwakala imnandi ukuyisebenzisa inamathuba amaningi okuphinda isetshenziswe.
Kuma-powder obuso (njenge-setting powders noma ama-mineral powders), i-kaolin powder idala ukuphela okungabonakali, okungasindi isikhumba noma ukuthungwa kwemvelo okungabonakali. Ngokungafani nama-powders asindayo okwenziwa angavala izikhala noma adale ukubukeka okufana ne-cakey, ama-powders asekelwe ku-kaolin azizwa elula esikhumbeni futhi avumela ukukhanya kwemvelo kukhanye. Lokhu kuwenza abe ngcono ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, njengoba elungisa izimonyo ngaphandle kokubukeka kungavamile. Ama-powders okusetha aqukethe i-kaolin powder agcina izimonyo zisendaweni amahora amaningi ngaphandle kokomisa isikhumba, okwenza zithandwe ngabaculi bezimonyo kanye nabasebenzisi bansuku zonke ngokufanayo. Ama-powders amaminerali ane-kaolin ayaziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuqedwa kwawo kwemvelo, njengoba ehlinzeka ngesembozo sokukhanya ngenkathi elawula uwoyela.
Kuma-creams kanye nama-lotion, i-kaolin powder isebenza njenge-ejenti yokujiya ngenkathi igcina ukuqina okubushelelezi, ivumela imikhiqizo ukuthi isakazeke ngokulinganayo futhi imunce ngokushesha ngaphandle kokushiya ungqimba olunamafutha. Ama-lotion omzimba aqukethe i-kaolin powder ahamba kahle phezu kwesikhumba, amunca ngokushesha ukuze athole amanzi ngaphandle kokuzizwa esinda. Lokhu kuwenza abe ngcono ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi kokugqoka, njengoba engangcolisi izingubo. Ama-moisturizer asebusweni asebenzisa i-kaolin ukudala ukuthungwa okulula okufanele zonke izinhlobo zesikhumba, kufaka phakathi isikhumba esinamafutha esivame ukuzizwa sinamafutha ngama-creams amakhulu. Ngisho nama-moisturizer acebile esikhumba esomile ayazuza ku-kaolin, njengoba ijiya ifomula ngaphandle kokuyenza ibe nzima noma ibe namafutha.
Emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kwezinwele njenge-shampoo eyomile, i-kaolin powder ihlakazeka ngokulinganayo ukuze imunce uwoyela ngaphandle kokushiya insalela emhlophe—isikhalazo esivamile ngama-shampoo eyomile ashibhile. Idala ivolumu ebukeka njengemvelo, yenza izinwele zibonakale zintsha futhi zihlanzekile phakathi kokugeza. Ama-shampoo eyomile ane-kaolin powder athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabahambi, ochwepheshe abamatasa kanye nabantu abanezinwele ezigoqekile noma ezithambile ezingadingi ukugeza njalo. Ama-hair mask ane-kaolin powder anokuthungwa okubushelelezi, okusakazekayo okumboza imicu ngokulinganayo, okuletha izakhamzimba ngaphandle kokubopha izinwele. Lawa ma-masks kulula ukuwasebenzisa nokuwahlanza, okwenza kube lula emisebenzini yokunakekelwa kwezinwele ekhaya.
Amandla okumunca uwoyela wempuphu ye-kaolin enza kube kuhle kakhulu emikhiqizweni ehlose izinhlobo zesikhumba ezinamafutha, ezihlanganisiwe nezivame ukuba nama-acne—enye yezingxenye ezikhula ngokushesha emakethe yezimonyo—kanye nezinkinga zezinwele ezinamafutha. Uwoyela wobuso oweqile (i-sebum) ungaholela ekubukekeni okukhazimulayo, ama-pores avalekile, ama-blackheads kanye nokuqhekeka, kuyilapho uwoyela wesikhumba oweqile ubangela izinwele ezinamafutha kanye nokuba buthaka. Abathengi abanalezi zinkinga bafuna kakhulu izixazululo zemvelo ezilawula uwoyela ngaphandle kokomisa isikhumba noma izinwele, kanti i-kaolin powder ihlangabezana nalesi sidingo ngempumelelo.
Impuphu ye-kaolin isebenza njenge-mattifier yemvelo, imunca i-sebum eningi ebusweni besikhumba noma ekhanda ngenkathi igcina umswakama wemvelo. Ngokungafani nezimunca-mafutha zokwenziwa ezinzima (njengezinye izinhlobo ze-talc ezingabangela ukoma noma ukucasuka), impuphu ye-kaolin imunca kuphela uwoyela owengeziwe, ishiya isikhumba nezinwele zilinganisela futhi zinamanzi. Lokhu kulinganisela kubalulekile ekugcineni isikhumba nezinwele ziphilile, njengoba ukomisa ngokweqile kungabangela umzimba ukuthi ukhiqize uwoyela owengeziwe ukuze kulungiswe—okudala umjikelezo wesikhumba noma izinwele ezinamafutha.
Imikhiqizo efana nama-primer okulawula uwoyela, izisekelo ezi-matte kanye nama-clay mask aqukethe i-kaolin powder anciphisa ukukhanya kobuso amahora amaningi. Ama-primer okulawula uwoyela adala isisekelo esibushelelezi sokwenza izimonyo, amunca uwoyela omningi usuku lonke ukuvimbela izimonyo ukuthi zingasheleli. Lawa ma-primer athandwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezinomswakama, lapho izimonyo zivame ukuncibilika noma ziphele ngokushesha. Izisekelo ezi-matte ezine-kaolin powder zinikeza isembozo esihlala isikhathi eside esihlala si-matte ngaphandle kokomisa isikhumba. Zithandwa ngabantu abanesikhumba esinamafutha, njengoba zilawula ukukhanya ngenkathi zinikeza isembozo esibukeka njengesemvelo. Ama-clay mask athandwa kakhulu esikhumbeni esinamafutha, njengoba ekhipha uwoyela omningi kanye nokungcola okuvela ema-pores, eshiya isikhumba sizizwa sihlanzekile futhi siqabulekile ngaphandle kokuqina.
Ama-shampoo owomile ane-kaolin powder avuselela izinwele ezinamafutha ngokumunca uwoyela wekhanda bese enezela ivolumu. Alungele ukuhamba, amashejuli amatasa noma izinsuku lapho ukugeza izinwele kungenzeki khona, futhi ukwakheka kwawo kwemvelo kuwenza afanele ukusetshenziswa njalo ngaphandle kokulimaza izinwele noma isikhumba sekhanda. Ngokungafani namanye ama-shampoo owomile aqukethe utshwala (obusula isikhumba sekhanda), ama-shampoo owomile asekelwe ku-kaolin athambile futhi agcina impilo yekhanda lekhanda. Ayatholakala futhi ngezinhlobo ezinemibala yezinwele ezimnyama, okuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ntsalela emhlophe ebonakalayo.
Ubumnene nokuhambisana kwempuphu ye-kaolin kunegalelo ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kabanzi ezimonyweni, ngisho nasezinhlotsheni zesikhumba nezinwele ezizwelayo. Ayisebenzi ngokwemvelo (ayisebenzi ngamakhemikhali) futhi ayicasuli, okwenza ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke ngaphandle kokubangela ukubomvu, ukoma noma ukucasuka—izinkinga ezivamile ngezithako zokwenziwa zezimonyo. Lokhu kuthamba kwenze impuphu ye-kaolin yaba yinto ebalulekile ekunakekelweni kwezingane kanye nemikhiqizo yesikhumba ezizwelayo.
Ngokungafani nezinye izibumba (njenge-bentonite, engase yome noma imunce ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi esikhumbeni esibucayi), i-kaolin powder inezakhiwo ezithambile neziduduzayo ezizolisa isikhumba futhi zinciphise ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke kubasebenzisi abaningi: isikhumba esibucayi sizuza ngesimo saso esingacasuli; isikhumba esomile siyakwazisa ikhono laso lokumunca uwoyela omningi ngaphandle kokususa umswakama; izinwele ezifakwe umbala zizuza efomini yaso engagugi engashisi udayi noma ilimaze imicu. Abantu abane-rosacea noma i-eczema bavame ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo esekelwe ku-kaolin ukuzola isikhumba esithukuthele, njengoba umphumela wokupholisa wobumba unciphisa ukubomvu nokuvuvukala.
Imikhiqizo yokunakekela izingane, edinga izithako ezithambile kakhulu, ivame ukufaka i-kaolin powder ekwakhiweni okufana ne-baby powder noma ama-diaper rash creams. Imvelo yayo emnene iduduza isikhumba sengane esithambile, imunce umswakama owedlulele futhi ivimbele ukucasuka. I-baby powder ene-kaolin powder ithandwa kakhulu kune-talc-based powders ngabazali abaningi ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo kwemvelo kanye nengozi encishisiwe yokucasuka. I-diaper rash creams equkethe i-kaolin idala isithiyo sokuvikela esikhumbeni sengane, ivimbele umswakama ekubangeleni ukucasuka ngenkathi iduduza ukucasuka okukhona.
Imiphumela yokuhlanza nokuhlanza i-kaolin powder iyaziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kobuso nomzimba, ibhekana nesifiso sabathengi sokuhlanza okujulile kodwa okunobumnene. Inezakhiwo ezimunca kancane ezikhipha ukungcola, ubuthi kanye ne-sebum eningi ephuma ezimbotsheni noma ebusweni besikhumba, okusiza ekuvuleni izimbotshana futhi kuvimbele ukuqhekeka. Lesi senzo sokuhlanza sithambile ngokwanele ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, okwenza izihlanzi ezisekelwe ku-kaolin zifanele zonke izinhlobo zesikhumba.
Amamaski obumba akhiwe ngempuphu ye-kaolin athandwa kakhulu ngenxa yalesi sizathu. Uma esetshenziswa esikhumbeni esimanzi, imaski inamathela ebusweni futhi ingena ezimbotsheni, imunce ukungcola namafutha njengoba yoma. Lapho isuswa, imaski isusa ukungcola, ishiye isikhumba sizizwa sihlanzekile, siqabulekile futhi sivuselelwe. Ngokungafani nama-exfoliant aqinile ahlanza isikhumba futhi abangele izinyembezi ezincane, isenzo sokuhlanza sempuphu ye-kaolin simnene, okwenza ifaneleke ukusetshenziswa njalo emisebenzini yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba. Amanye amamaski obumba ahlanganisa i-kaolin nezinye izithako zemvelo njenge-aloe vera noma itiye eliluhlaza ukuze kuthuthukiswe imiphumela eduduzayo, enakekela abasebenzisi besikhumba abazwelayo.
Izihlanzi zomzimba ezinempuphu ye-kaolin zinikeza ukususwa kwesikhumba okuthambile, zisusa amangqamuzana esikhumba afile ngaphandle kokuklwebha noma ukucasula isikhumba. Zishiya isikhumba sizizwa sibushelelezi futhi sithambile, futhi ukwakheka kwazo kwemvelo kuzenza zifaneleke kuzo zonke izinhlobo zesikhumba. Izihlanzi zomzimba ezine-kaolin zithandwa ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi kwemicimbi ekhethekile, njengoba zishiya isikhumba sikhanya kahle. Izihlanzi zesikhumba ezinempuphu ye-kaolin zisusa ukwakheka komkhiqizo namafutha amaningi, zikhuthaza ukukhula kwezinwele okunempilo ngokuvula ama-follicle ezinwele. Lezi zihlanzi ziwusizo kakhulu kubantu abasebenzisa imikhiqizo yokwenza isitayela njalo, njengoba zihlanza isikhumba sekhanda ngokujulile ngaphandle kokomisa izinwele.
Ukuthuthukiswa kombala kanye nokuzinza kuyinzuzo eyengeziwe yempuphu ye-kaolin ekwakhiweni kwezimonyo, ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni enemibala efana nama-blushes, ama-eyeshadows, izisekelo kanye nemibala yezinwele. Isebenza njengombala omhlophe wemvelo okhanyisa ukwakheka futhi unikeze isisekelo esingathathi hlangothi seminye imibala. Lo mphumela wokukhanyisa usiza imibala yombala ukuthi ibonakale ikhanya kakhudlwana futhi ifana nethoni.
Usayizi wayo omncane wezinhlayiya uqinisekisa ukusabalala ngokulinganayo kwemibala yombala, ukuvimbela ukuminyana noma ukusetshenziswa okungalingani. Impuphu ye-kaolin iyasiza futhi ekuqiniseni imibala, ivimbele ukufiphala noma ukushintsha kombala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi—okubalulekile emikhiqizweni yezimonyo ehlala isikhathi eside. Ezisekelweni zamaminerali, impuphu ye-kaolin ixubana nemibala enemibala ukuze idale ukumbozwa kwemvelo, okwakhayo okuhambisana nemibala yesikhumba ehlukahlukene. Lezi zisekelo zithandwa ngenxa yokuzizwa kwazo okulula kanye nokuphela kwemvelo. Ezithunzini zamehlo kanye nama-blushes, ithuthukisa ukukhanya kombala ngenkathi iqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okubushelelezi nokuxubekile. Abaculi bezimonyo bayakwazisa indlela izithunzi zamehlo ezisekelwe ku-kaolin ezihlangana ngayo kalula futhi zihlala endaweni yazo ngaphandle kokushwabana. Ezintweni ezifaka imibala ezinweleni, iyasiza ekusabalaliseni idayi ngokulinganayo futhi igcine ukuceba kombala, iqinisekisa imiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside.
Ukuguquguquka kwempuphu ye-kaolin kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwayo emikhiqizweni eminingi yokunakekelwa kwezimonyo kanye neyomuntu siqu, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile kubakhiqizi abanezinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo futhi kuvumela ukwakheka kwezixazululo cishe kuzo zonke izidingo zobuhle nokuzilungisa. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvela ekhonweni layo lokuxuba nezithako ezahlukahlukene zezimonyo—kusukela ezitshalweni namafutha abalulekile kuya ezihlanganisweni zokwenziwa kanye nombala—ngenkathi igcina izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko zokuthuthukisa ukuthungwa, ukumuncwa kwamafutha kanye nobumnene. Ishintsha kalula phakathi kwezinhlobo zomkhiqizo, kusukela kumpuphu owomile kanye nama-lotion akhilimu kuya kumamaski aqinile kanye nezifutho ezilula, inakekela izindlela ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa kanye nezintandokazi zabathengi.
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I-Kaolin Powder Eguquliwe Engaphezulu Komkhakha Wepulasitiki Ethuthukisa Amandla Emishini Nokumelana Nokushisa
Ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemboni yepulasitiki kudinga izithasiselo zamaminerali ezithuthukisiwe ezingenza ngcono ukusebenza komkhiqizo ngasikhathi sinye, zinciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi zandise imingcele yokusetshenziswa. Phakathi kwalokhu, i-kaolin powder eguqulwe ubuso ivele njengesithasiselo se-linchpin, iguqula ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yepulasitiki kufaka phakathi izingxenye ze-polypropylene (PP) ezibunjiwe nge-injection, amafilimu e-polyethylene (PE), kanye namaphrofayili e-polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Ngokungafani nomlingani wayo ongaguquki, ovame ukubonisa ukuhambisana okubi nama-resin epulasitiki, i-kaolin powder eguqulwe ubuso isebenzisa ama-silane noma ama-titanate coupling agents ukuze yakhe izibopho zamakhemikhali eziqinile ngamaketanga e-polymer. Lokhu kuxhumana kwezinga lama-molecule kuthuthukisa kakhulu amandla omshini, ukuzinza kokushisa, kanye nokufana kokusabalala ngaphakathi kwama-matrices epulasitiki, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni amapulasitiki esimanje.
Ukwandiswa Kwamandla Emishini
Ukuqina kwemishini kuyisikali esingenakuxoxiswana ngaso semikhiqizo yepulasitiki, ikakhulukazi leyo esetshenziswa emikhakheni edinga kakhulu njengobunjiniyela bezimoto, ingqalasizinda yokwakha, kanye nezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside zabathengi. Impuphu ye-kaolin eguquliwe ebusweni, evame ukufakwa phakathi kwe-mesh engu-1000 no-2000, isebenza njenge-ejenti yokuqinisa ngokusungula inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yezibopho ze-interfacial zamaminerali-polymer. Le nethiwekhi yenza kube lula ukusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kokucindezeleka kwemishini kuyo yonke i-matrix yepulasitiki, kuvimbele ukugxila kokucindezeleka kwendawo okungaholela ekwehlulekeni.Embonini yezimoto, lapho ukunciphisa isisindo kanye nobuqotho besakhiwo kubaluleke kakhulu, ukwengezwa kwempuphu ye-kaolin eguquliwe ebusweni engu-10%-20% (ngesisindo) ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi zezimoto ze-PP—njengezimbobo zedeshibhodi kanye nezingubo zokugqoka—kubonise ukuthuthuka okumangalisayo. Ukuhlolwa okuqinile ngumhlinzeki wezingxenye zezimoto ohamba phambili waseJalimane kwembule ukwanda kwamandla okudonsa ngo-25%-35%, okuphakamisa amanani kusuka ku-30 MPa kuya ku-37-40 MPa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-modulus ye-flexural ibone ukuthuthukiswa okungu-40%-50%, okukhuphuka kusuka ku-1500 MPa kuya ku-2100-2250 MPa. Lezi zinzuzo zivumela abakhiqizi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-resin kufika ku-15%, bazuze ukonga okukhulu kwezindleko ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.Kumafilimu ezolimo e-PE, ukuguqulwa kobuso bempuphu ye-kaolin kuqinisekisa izakhiwo zokuhlakazeka eziphakeme, kuvimbela ngempumelelo ukuhlangana kwezinhlayiya okungadala amaphuzu abuthakathaka esakhiweni. Amafilimu afaka u-8%-12% wale mpuphu eguquliwe abonise ukukhushulwa okungu-30% ekumelaneni nomthelela, okwanda kusuka ku-8 kJ/m² kuya ku-10.4 kJ/m². Lokhu kuqina okuthuthukisiwe kuvumela amafilimu ukuthi amelane nesivinini somoya esifinyelela ku-18 m/s ngaphandle kokudabula, okunikeza isivikelo esithembekile sezicelo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni ngaphandle kwezolimo.Ukuthuthukiswa Kokusebenza Kokushisa
Ukumelana nokushisa kumelela enye inzuzo ebalulekile yempuphu ye-kaolin eguqulwe ubuso ekusetshenzisweni kwepulasitiki. Imikhiqizo eminingi yepulasitiki yesimanje, kufaka phakathi izivalo zikagesi, izingxenye zangaphansi kwezimoto, kanye nezinto zokwakha, kumele ibekezelele amazinga okushisa aphezulu ngaphandle kokuwohloka. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-alumina (kusukela ku-38%-42%) kumpuphu ye-kaolin, kuhlanganiswe namasu okuguqula ubuso asebenzayo, kuthuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokushisa lokushintsha ukushisa (i-HDT) kwamakhemikhali epulasitiki.Umkhiqizi ovelele wephrofayili ye-PVC wase-Italy usebenzise ngempumelelo i-kaolin powder eguqulwe ubuso ekukhiqizeni uhlaka lwamafasitela, kwatholakala ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwe-HDT kusuka ku-70°C kuya ku-85°C. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kokubekezelela amazinga okushisa kuqinisekisa ukuthi ozimele be-PVC bangakwazi ukumelana nokukhanya kwelanga isikhathi eside ezindaweni zaseMedithera ngaphandle kokugoba noma ukuguquka. Ngokufanayo, ezindaweni zikagesi ze-PP ezigcina izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezikhiqiza ukushisa, ukufakwa kwe-kaolin powder kwaphakamisa i-HDT kusuka ku-110°C kuya ku-130°C, kwahlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-powder inciphisa ngempumelelo izinkinga zokuncipha kokushisa; Izingxenye ezibunjwe nge-PP eziqukethe i-15% kaolin powder zibonise izinga lokuncipha elingu-1.2%, uma kuqhathaniswa no-2.5% we-PP engaqiniswanga, okuqinisekisa ukunemba okunembile ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza.Inqubo Yokukhiqiza kanye Nemininingwane Yobuchwepheshe
Ukukhiqizwa kwempuphu ye-kaolin eguqulwe ebusweni yepulasitiki kuhilela inqubo ehlelwe ngokucophelela enezigaba ezimbili: ukuhluzwa kwe-ore kanye nokwelashwa kwendawo. I-ore ye-kaolin eluhlaza idlula ekuhluzweni ngokuhlukaniswa kwamagnetic kanye namasu okuflotha ukuze kususwe ukungcola kwensimbi kanye ne-titanium, okungalimaza ukusebenza kwempuphu. Ngemva kwalokho, i-ore iyagaywa ibe usayizi wezinhlayiya ozifunayo kusetshenziswa izindlela zokugaya ezomile ngemishini yokuhlunga umoya, ikhiqiza amazinga asukela ku-1000 kuya ku-2000 mesh.Isigaba sokuguqulwa kobuso sisebenzisa ama-mixer asheshayo asebenza ku-1500-2000 rpm ukuze amboze izinhlayiya ze-kaolin ngokulinganayo ngama-coupling agent. Ama-coupling agent e-silane, njenge-KH-550, akhethwa kakhulu kwizicelo ze-PP ne-PE ngenxa yokusondelana kwawo okuqinile kuma-polyolefin polymers, kuyilapho ama-coupling agent e-titanate njenge-TMC-101 efaneleka kakhulu kuma-compound e-PVC. Umthamo we-coupling agent ulawulwa ngokucophelela ku-0.5%-1.5% wesisindo se-kaolin powder ukuqinisekisa ukumbozwa okuphelele kwezinhlayiya ngaphandle kwezinto ezengeziwe ezingaphazamisa ukucutshungulwa kwepulasitiki. Ngemva kokuguqulwa, i-powder ipholiswa ekushiseni okuzungezile futhi ihlungwe ukuze kususwe noma yiziphi izingxube, okunikeza umkhiqizo ogeleza ngokukhululeka, ofanayo olungele ukuhlanganiswa nezakhiwo zepulasitiki.Izinkomba zobuchwepheshe ezibalulekile zilawula ikhwalithi yempuphu ye-kaolin eguquliwe ebusweni yepulasitiki. Ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana, okukalwa ngamanani e-D50 angu-5-10 μm (1000 mesh) noma angu-2-5 μm (2000 mesh), kuthinta ngqo ukuhlakazeka nokusebenza kahle kokuqinisa. Ubumhlophe, obuvezwa njengenani le-L* elingu-≥90%, buqinisekisa ukuhambisana kobuhle ekusetshenzisweni lapho umbala uyisici. Ukulawulwa komswakama okuqinile (≤0.3%) kuvimbela izinkinga ezifana ne-hydrolysis ngesikhathi sokucubungula ipulasitiki, kuyilapho izinga lokumbozwa kwe-ejenti yokuhlanganisa elingu-≥95% liqinisekisa ukubopha okuhle kakhulu kwe-interfacial. Amanani okumuncwa kwamafutha aphakathi kuka-20-25 mL/100g abonisa izici zokumanzisa zempuphu, ethonya i-compound viscosity kanye nokuziphatha kokucubungula. Lawa mapharamitha ahlolwa ngokuqinile kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okuhlaziya athuthukile, kufaka phakathi abahlaziyi besayizi yezinhlayiyana ze-laser, i-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-thermogravimetric (TGA).Ubuchwepheshe Bokuhlinzeka Ngezinsizakalo Nokusekela Obuchwepheshe
Ingqalasizinda yochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempuphu ye-kaolin eguqulwe ubuso ilungiselelwe ukuhambisana nemijikelezo yokukhiqiza esheshayo embonini yepulasitiki. Izinketho zokupakisha zifaka izikhwama zephepha ezingama-25kg ezinezingqimba eziningi ezifakwe ama-liner alwa nokungaguquguquki ukuvimbela ukuqongelela kothuli nokuqinisekisa ubuqotho bomkhiqizo, kanye nezikhwama ezinkulu ezingama-1000kg ezinemikhono ye-forklift yokuphatha nokugcina kahle. Izikhathi zokulethwa zilula, lapho amakhasimende esifunda (isb., ukuthunyelwa kusuka eShayina kuya eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia) ethola ama-oda zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-7-14, kuyilapho ukulethwa kwamanye amazwe (njengalokho okuya eYurophu) kuqedwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-21-30. -
I-Kaolin Powder Yokumboza Izithambisi Zenjoloba I-White Cement Izinto Zokusetshenziswa Ezingavuthiwe Imboni Yokupenda Izinto Zendwangu Imboni Yepulasitiki
I-Kaolinite, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-China Clay, uhlobo lwe-aluminium silicate mineral esetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kwezinto zobumba kanye ne-porcelain. Igama layo lesiNgisi livela eNtabeni iGaoling eduze kwaseJingdezhen, eSifundazweni saseJiangxi, eShayina. Le minerali ibonakala ngokubukeka kwayo okumhlophe, okuthambile, nokufana nobumba, kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane njengofulawa.
I-Kaolinite ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali okuzinzile kanye nokuqukethwe okucebile kwamaminerali, okuhlanganisa i-silicon, i-zinc, i-magnesium, ne-aluminium.
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i-kaolin yokuvula izinhlelo zayo eziningi embonini yephepha nezimonyo ze-ceramics
I-Kaolinite, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-China Clay, uhlobo lwe-aluminium silicate mineral esetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kwezinto zobumba kanye ne-porcelain. Igama layo lesiNgisi livela eNtabeni iGaoling eduze kwaseJingdezhen, eSifundazweni saseJiangxi, eShayina. Le minerali ibonakala ngokubukeka kwayo okumhlophe, okuthambile, nokufana nobumba, kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane njengofulawa.
I-Kaolinite ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali okuzinzile kanye nokuqukethwe okucebile kwamaminerali, okuhlanganisa i-silicon, i-zinc, i-magnesium, ne-aluminium.
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Impuphu yobumba ye-kaolin yemvelo yomkhakha wezolimo ngerabha i-ceramic glaze yokwenza iphepha eliphikisayo
I-Kaolinite, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-China Clay, uhlobo lwe-aluminium silicate mineral esetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kwezinto zobumba kanye ne-porcelain. Igama layo lesiNgisi livela eNtabeni iGaoling eduze kwaseJingdezhen, eSifundazweni saseJiangxi, eShayina. Le minerali ibonakala ngokubukeka kwayo okumhlophe, okuthambile, nokufana nobumba, kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane njengofulawa.
I-Kaolinite ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali okuzinzile kanye nokuqukethwe okucebile kwamaminerali, okuhlanganisa i-silicon, i-zinc, i-magnesium, ne-aluminium.
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I-mesh engu-325 -10000 i-mesh Umbala Ophuzi Umbala We-Metakaolin Upowder Kaolin Umhlophe Upowder We-Metakaolin Osebenza Kakhulu Usayizi We-Nano We-Metakaolin Wesimende
Singanikeza:
1. isampula yamahhala
2. ukuvunyelwa ngokwezifiso
3. ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe
Isevisi yamahora angu-4.7 * angu-24
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Intengo ye-Metakaolin kaolin clay powder metakaolin fiyat yekhonkrithi
Singanikeza:
1. isampula yamahhala
2. ukuvunyelwa ngokwezifiso
3. ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe
Isevisi yamahora angu-4.7 * angu-24
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Intengo ye-Kaolinite kaolin clay china nano white clay ye-ceramic
Singanikeza:
1. isampula yamahhala
2. ukuvunyelwa ngokwezifiso
3. ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe
Isevisi yamahora angu-4.7 * angu-24
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I-Metakaolin Powder Kaolin White Metakaolin Powder Enomsebenzi Ophezulu Usayizi We-Nano Metakaolin Wesimende
Singanikeza:
1. isampula yamahhala
2. ukuvunyelwa ngokwezifiso
3. ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe
Isevisi yamahora angu-4.7 * angu-24
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I-Nano metakaolin calcined kaolin model kaolin powder yesamente, ukhonkolo
Singanikeza:
1. isampula yamahhala
2. ukuvunyelwa ngokwezifiso
3. ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe
Isevisi yamahora angu-4.7 * angu-24
