Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuyinhloko kobuhlalu obuntantayo yi-oxide ye-silicon ne-aluminium, lapho okuqukethwe kwe-silicon dioxide cishe ku-50-65%, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium oxide cishe ku-25-35%.Ngenxa yokuthi indawo yokuncibilika ye-silica iphakeme kakhulu njenge-1725 ℃ futhi eye-alumina ingu-2050 ℃, zonke ziyizinto eziphakeme zokuphikisa.Ngakho-ke, ubuhlalu obuntantayo bunokungaguquguquki okuphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile kufika ku-1600-1700 ℃, okubenza bube yizici ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuphikisa.Isisindo esincane, ukufakwa kwe-thermal.Udonga lobuhlalu obuntantayo luncane futhi luyizigodi, imbobo yi-semi vacuum, inani elincane kakhulu legesi (N2, H2 ne-CO2, njll.), futhi ukuqhutshwa kokushisa kuhamba kancane futhi kuncane kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, ubuhlalu obuntantayo abugcini nje ngokukhanyayo ngesisindo (isisindo sevolumu 250-450 kg / m3), kodwa futhi buhle kakhulu ekushiseni okushisayo (i-thermal conductivity 0.08-0.1 ekamelweni lokushisa), okubeka isisekelo sokuba badlale indima ebalulekile. emkhakheni wezinto zokushisa ezishisayo ezikhanyayo.

Ubulukhuni obuphezulu namandla.Ngenxa yokuthi ubuhlalu obuntantayo buwumzimba wengilazi oqinile owenziwe i-silica alumina mineral phase (i-quartz ne-mullite), ubulukhuni bayo bungafinyelela ku-Mohs 6-7, amandla okucindezela okumile angafinyelela ku-70-140mpa, futhi ukuminyana kwawo kwangempela ngu-2.10-2.20g/cm3 , elilingana nedwala.Ngakho-ke, ubuhlalu obuntantayo bunamandla aphezulu.Ngokuvamile, izinto ezilula ezimbotshana noma ezingenalutho ezifana ne-perlite, idwala elibilayo, i-diatomite, i-sepiolite kanye ne-vermiculite enwetshiwe zinobulukhuni obumpofu namandla.Imikhiqizo ye-thermal insulation noma imikhiqizo ye-refractory elula eyenziwe ngayo inesimo esibi samandla angenamandla.Ukushiyeka kwabo kungamandla obuhlalu obuntantayo, ngakho-ke ubuhlalu obuntantayo bunezinzuzo eziningi zokuncintisana kanye nokusetshenziswa okubanzi.Usayizi wezinhlayiyana muhle futhi indawo ethile engaphezulu inkulu.Ubukhulu bemvelo bobuhlalu obuntantayo bungu-1-250 μ M. Indawo ethile engaphezulu ingu-300-360cm2 / g, efana nekasimende.Ngakho-ke, ubuhlalu obuntantayo bungasetshenziswa ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokugaya.

Ubuhle bungahlangabezana nezidingo zemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, ezinye izinto zokushisa ezishisayo ezingasindi zivame usayizi omkhulu wezinhlayiyana (njenge-perlite, njll.), uma ukugaya kuzokwandisa kakhulu umthamo, ukuze ukufakwa kwe-thermal kuncishiswe kakhulu.Kulokhu, ubuhlalu obuntantayo bunezinzuzo.I-insulation kagesi enhle kakhulu.Ubuhlalu obuntantayo buyizinto ezinhle kakhulu zokuvikela futhi azihlanganisi.Ngokuvamile, ukumelana kwe-insulator kuncipha ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa, kodwa ukumelana nobuhlalu obuntantayo kuyanda ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa.Le nzuzo ayinayo ezinye izinto zokuvikela.Ngakho-ke, ingenza imikhiqizo yokufakelwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphezulu.