Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuyinhloko kobuhlalu obuntantayo yi-oxide ye-silicon ne-aluminium, lapho okuqukethwe yi-silicon dioxide kungaba ngu-50-65%, kanti okuqukethwe yi-aluminium oxide kungaba ngu-25-35%. Ngenxa yokuthi iphuzu lokuncibilika kwe-silica liphezulu njengo-1725 ℃ kanti ele-alumina lingu-2050 ℃, konke kuyizinto eziphikisayo kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ubuhlalu obuntantayo bunamandla okuphikisa aphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile kufika ku-1600-1700 ℃, okwenza bube yiziphikisayo ezinhle kakhulu ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Isisindo esincane, ukuvikela ukushisa. Udonga lobuhlalu obuntantayo luncane futhi lungenalutho, umgodi u-semi vacuum, inani elincane kakhulu legesi (i-N2, i-H2 ne-CO2, njll.), futhi ukuhanjiswa kokushisa kuhamba kancane kakhulu futhi kuncane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ubuhlalu obuntantayo abugcini nje ngokuba lula ngesisindo (isisindo somthamo esingu-250-450 kg / m3), kodwa futhi buhamba phambili ekushiseni ukushisa (ukuqhuba ukushisa okungu-0.08-0.1 ekushiseni kwegumbi), okubeka isisekelo sokuba badlale indima ebalulekile emkhakheni wezinto zokushisa ezikhanyayo.

Ubulukhuni namandla aphezulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ubuhlalu obuntantayo buyindilinga eqinile eyakhiwe yisigaba samaminerali se-silica alumina (i-quartz ne-mullite), ubulukhuni bayo bungafinyelela ku-Mohs 6-7, amandla okucindezela okungaguquki angafinyelela ku-70-140mpa, kanti ubukhulu bayo bangempela bungu-2.10-2.20g/cm3, okulingana nobedwala. Ngakho-ke, ubuhlalu obuntantayo bunamandla aphezulu. Ngokuvamile, izinto ezikhanyayo ezinezimbobo noma eziyimbobo njenge-perlite, idwala elibilayo, i-diatomite, i-sepiolite kanye ne-vermiculite enwetshiwe zinobulukhuni namandla amancane. Imikhiqizo yokushisa noma imikhiqizo yokukhanya ekhanyayo eyenziwe ngazo inobuthaka bamandla amancane. Ukushiyeka kwazo kumane kunamandla obuhlalu obuntantayo, ngakho ubuhlalu obuntantayo bunezinzuzo zokuncintisana kakhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa okubanzi. Usayizi wezinhlayiya ulungile futhi indawo ethile yobuso inkulu. Usayizi wemvelo wobuhlalu obuntantayo ngu-1-250 μ M. Indawo ethile yobuso ingu-300-360cm2 / g, efana neyesimende. Ngakho-ke, ubuhlalu obuntantayo bungasetshenziswa ngqo ngaphandle kokugaya.

Ubuncane bungahlangabezana nezidingo zemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, ezinye izinto zokuvikela ukushisa ezilula ngokuvamile zinkulu ngobukhulu bezinhlayiya (njenge-perlite, njll.), uma ukugaya kuzokwandisa kakhulu umthamo, ukuze ukuvikela ukushisa kuncishiswe kakhulu. Kulokhu, ubuhlalu obuntantayo bunezinzuzo. Ukuvikela kagesi okuhle kakhulu. Ubuhlalu obuntantayo buyizinto zokuvikela ukushisa ezinhle kakhulu futhi azihambisi ugesi. Ngokuvamile, ukumelana kwe-insulator kuncipha ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa, kodwa ukumelana kwe-floating bead kuyanda ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa. Le nzuzo ayinazo ezinye izinto zokuvikela ukushisa. Ngakho-ke, ingenza imikhiqizo yokuvikela ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphakeme.