UMkhosi Wesishiyagalolunye Ophindwe Kabili, ogujwa minyaka yonke ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye lwenyanga yesishiyagalolunye, umkhosi ohlanganisa kahle isiko, imvelo, nomndeni. Ugxile kakhulu kwifilosofi yasendulo yaseShayina, inombolo yesishiyagalolunye yayinesikhundla esiyingqayizivele nesiphakeme. Ngokuhlakanipha okujulile kwe-I Ching, yayibhekwa njenge-yangest yezinombolo ze-yang, efanekisela ubude besikhathi eside, ukuchuma, kanye nenhlanhla. Lokhu kubaluleka kwezinombolo, lapho kuhlangene nesikhathi sasekwindla somkhosi—isizini ehlotshaniswa nokuvuna, ukuzindla, kanye nokushintshela ezinyangeni ezibandayo—kwakha itshe lesiko eligxile ekuhlonipheni abadala kanye nokufuna inhlalakahle. Ngenkathi izingqikithi zayo eziyinhloko zokuhlonipha asebekhulile, ukukhuphuka izintaba, kanye nokuncoma ama-chrysanthemum zihlala zihambisana kulo lonke elaseShayina, indlela abantu abagubha ngayo lo mkhosi othandekayo ingahluka kakhulu kuye ngesifunda. Indawo ngayinye, eyakhiwe umlando wayo wendawo ohlukile, isiko elicebile, kanye nendawo ehlukile, ithuthukise amasiko namasiko ayo, okwenza umkhosi ube yindwangu ekhazimulayo yemikhosi eyahlukahlukene. Ukuhlola lokhu kwehluka kwesifunda akugcini nje ngokunezela ukujula nokuceba ekuqondeni kwethu umkhosi kodwa futhi kukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi ugxile kangakanani ezimpilweni zabantu kulo lonke izwe.
Enyakatho yeShayina, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezimatasa njengeBeijing neTianjin, uMkhosi we-Double Ninth uvame ukugujwa ngobukhulu nangentshiseko, ikakhulukazi ngemibukiso emikhulu ye-chrysanthemum. Lo mkhuba ubuyela emuva eBukhosini bukaTang obukhazimulayo, isikhathi esaziwa ngokuchuma kwamasiko. Ngaleso sikhathi, izinkantolo zombuso zaqala ukutshala ama-chrysanthemum, zidonseleka ekuqineni kwawo okungokomfanekiso lapho ubusika busondela. Lezi zimbali ezinhle, ezinemibala yazo egqamile kanye nezinhlobo zazo ezinhle, ngokushesha zaba yingxenye ebalulekile yemikhosi yomkhosi.
Namuhla, amapaki afana neThempeli Lasezulwini elihle laseBeijing kanye nePaki Yamanzi ebanzi yaseTianjin aguqulwa abe ulwandle lwangempela lwama-chrysanthemum ngesikhathi somkhosi. Izinkulungwane ngezinkulungwane zezimbali zihlelwe ngobuciko ngemibukiso eyinkimbinkimbi eyidili lamehlo. Ezinye zenziwe zibe yizilwane eziphilayo, zithwebula ubuhle nokuhamba kwezidalwa ezifana nama-dragons, ama-phoenix, namabhubesi. Ezinye zenziwe zaba amakhophi ezakhiwo zendabuko zaseShayina, zibonisa ubuhle bezakhiwo zama-pagoda asendulo, amathempeli, nezigodlo. Kubanjwa imincintiswano ekhethekile, lapho abahluleli abangochwepheshe benikeza khona imiklomelo yezimbali eziqhakazile, ezinempilo, nezinomumo ohlukile. Le mincintiswano idonsela abathanda ukuchitha izinyanga benakekela izitshalo zabo eziyigugu, benakekela ngokucophelela zonke izici zokukhula kwazo, kusukela ekuniseleni nasekufakeni umquba kuya ekutheneni nasekubumbeni.
Ngosuku lomkhosi, imindeni ithutheleka kula mapaki, idala isimo esijabulisayo nesijabulisayo. Abazali abasebasha basunduza izinqola zezingane, beqondisa izingane zabo ezinelukuluku ngemibukiso yezimbali. Bachaza ngesineke ukubaluleka kwama-chrysanthemum kanye nomkhosi ngokwawo, bedlulisela ulwazi lwamasiko kusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye. Izihlobo esezikhulile zisizwa ngobumnene ngabathandekayo bazo, ubuso bazo bukhanya ngokumomotheka njengoba zibuka ubuhle bezimbali. Yonke indawo, abantu bathatha izithombe, bethwebula izinkumbulo zalolu suku olukhethekile phakathi kwezimbali.
Amapaki amaningi aphinde abe nemibukiso eyahlukahlukene yabantu, enezela ungqimba olwengeziwe lwenjabulo emikhosini. Imidanso yedrako, enemizimba yayo emide, enemibala egeleza emoyeni, iyinto ekhangayo. Abadlali abanekhono, abafihliwe ngaphansi kwengubo yedrako, bahamba ngazwi linye, benza isidalwa esiyinganekwane siphile. Imidanso yebhubesi, enamandla afanayo, ifaka abaculi abagqoke izingubo zebhubesi eziyinkimbinkimbi, belingisa ukunyakaza kwamabhubesi angempela njengoba egxuma, ejikeleza, futhi exhumana nezilaleli. Imibukiso yomculo wendabuko, enabaculi abadlala izinsimbi zomculo ezifana ne-guzheng, i-pipa, ne-erhu, igcwalisa umoya ngezingoma ezimnandi ezithutha izilaleli emuva esikhathini.
Ngemva kokujabulela izimbali kanye nemibukiso, imindeni ivame ukuya ezindaweni zokudlela eziseduze ukuyodla ukudla kwendabuko. I-Double Ninth Cake, okuwukudla okuyinhloko komkhosi, ithatha indawo ephambili. Njengoba isakhiwo sayo esifana nentaba, sifanekisela ukukhuphukela ezindaweni eziphakeme, kokubili ngokoqobo nangokomfanekiso. Ikhekhe livame ukuhlotshiswa nge-osmanthus, imbali yasekwindla enephunga elimnandi enezela iphunga elimnandi nokunambitheka. Eceleni kwekhekhe, kukhonzwa ezinye izitsha zendabuko, okuvumela imindeni ukuthi ijabulele umkhosi ogcwele wokudla, amasiko, kanye nezibopho zomndeni.
Eningizimu yeShayina, ikakhulukazi ezifundazweni ezifana neGuangdong neFujian, isiko lokukhuphuka izintaba lithatha isimo esiyingqayizivele. Ngenxa yendawo ethe tyaba uma iqhathaniswa nenyakatho yezintaba, kanye nokubaluleka komlando kwemibhoshongo nama-pagoda njengezikhungo zenkolo nezamasiko, abantu abaningi kulezi zifunda bakhetha ukukhuphuka imibhoshongo noma ama-pagoda esikhundleni sezintaba.
Isibonelo, edolobheni elimatasa laseGuangzhou, iCanton Tower—elinye lamabhoshongo amade kakhulu eShayina—iba yindawo ethandwayo eMkhosini We-Double Ninth. Imindeni nabangane bathatha ilifti ngentshiseko baye esiqongweni sombhoshongo, lapho bemukelwa khona ngemibono emihle yedolobha. Ukubona indawo enkulu yasemadolobheni, enezakhiwo zayo eziphakeme zesimanje, imigwaqo ephithizelayo, kanye nemifula egobhozayo, kuyamangaza ngempela - kuyakhuthaza. Ezinye izivakashi zize zilethe ngisho namabhasikidi epikiniki agcwele i-Double Ninth Cake kanye netiye le-chrysanthemum. Zithola indawo ekhululekile, mhlawumbe kwenye yamadekhi okubuka, futhi zichithe intambama zixoxa, zabelana ngezindaba, futhi zibuka izindawo ezinhle. Umoya opholile wasekwindla, ohlangene nokunambitheka okumnandi kwetiye kanye nokuthungwa okuthambile kwekhekhe, kwenza usuku oluphelele noluphumuzayo.
EFujian, ama-pagoda asendulo emadolobheni afana neQuanzhou neXiamen anendawo ekhethekile ezinhliziyweni zabantu bendawo ngesikhathi somkhosi. La ma-pagoda, abelokhu evivinywa isikhathi eside amakhulu eminyaka, awagcini nje ngokuba yizimangaliso zokwakha kodwa futhi ayizimpawu zomlando namasiko acebile alesi sifunda. Ukunyuka la ma-pagoda kubhekwa njengendlela yokuxhumana nesikhathi esidlule, ukuzwa izinyathelo zezizukulwane ezake zaba khona. Abantu bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi isinyathelo ngasinye simelela ukunqoba izithiyo, futhi lapho ephakeme, kulapho izibusiso abazozithola ziba zinkulu khona ngonyaka ozayo. Njengoba bekhuphuka, bavame ukuma kancane ukuze babuke imifanekiso eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nemiklamo ezindongeni zama-pagoda, elandisa izindaba zezinganekwane zasendulo, izinkolelo zenkolo, kanye namasiko endawo.
Ezifundeni ezisogwini olusempumalanga, njengezifundazwe zaseZhejiang naseJiangsu, uMkhosi Wesi-Ninth Ophindwe Kabili uxhumene kakhulu namanzi, ukuxhumana okungalandelelwa emuva ezinhlelweni zemisele emikhulu yendawo kanye nefa elicebile lolwandle. Abantu abaningi kulezi zindawo bakhetha ukuthatha uhambo ngesikebhe emachibini noma emifuleni, okubavumela ukuba bajabulele indawo yasekwindla ngombono oyingqayizivele.
Edolobheni elihle laseHangzhou, imindeni iqasha izikebhe eWest Lake edumile. Njengoba behamba emanzini athule, badlula emabhuloho adumile echibini, ngalinye linendaba yalo kanye nobuhle balo, kanye neziqhingi eziluhlaza eziluhlaza ezigcwele ichibi. Ama-chrysanthemum agudle ugu anezela umbala endaweni enhle kakade. Ezinye izikebhe zize ziphakele ukudla okulula kwendabuko njenge-Double Ninth Cake namakhekhe e-osmanthus, okuvumela abagibeli ukuthi bazitike ngokudla kwasendaweni ngenkathi bejabulela imibono. Ukunyakazisa okuthambile kwesikebhe, umsindo wamanzi ashaya isikebhe, kanye nendawo ezungezile enokuthula kudala isimo esizolile nesiphumuzayo.
Ngaphezu kohambo lwesikebhe, izifunda ezisogwini nazo zinesiko elidala lokundiza ama-kite eMkhosini Wesi-2000. Ama-kite, avame ukuhlotshiswa ngezithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi zama-chrysanthemum noma izimpawu zokuphila isikhathi eside, andizelwa phezulu esibhakabhakeni sasekwindla. Lesi senzo sibonisa isifiso sokufinyelela ukuphakama okusha, kokubili ngokukhula komuntu siqu kanye nenhlanhla. Imiphakathi idlala indima esebenzayo kuleli siko ngokuhlela ama-workshop okwenza ama-kite. Lapha, izingane zinethuba lokufunda ubuciko bokwenza ama-kite besebenzisa ozimele be-bamboo kanye nesilika enemibala. Ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwabadwebi abanolwazi, bahlanganisa ama-kite ngokucophelela, bawadwebe ngemiklamo yabo futhi banezela izinto zokuqeda. La ma-workshop awafundisi nje kuphela uhlobo lobuciko lwamakhulu eminyaka kodwa futhi akhuthaza umuzwa womphakathi kanye nobuciko phakathi kwabahlanganyeli.
Ezifundeni zasentshonalanga yeShayina, njengezifundazwe zaseSichuan naseYunnan, uMkhosi we-Double Ninth ugujwa ngokugcizelela kakhulu amasiko endawo. ESichuan, amaqembu ezizwe zaseQiang naseTibet anemikhuba yawo eyingqayizivele nenemibala yomkhosi. Abantu baseQiang, abaziwa ngefa labo elicebile lamasiko, babamba imidanso yendabuko. Amadoda nabesifazane, begqoke izingubo zabo ezinhle kakhulu neziyinkimbinkimbi zobuzwe, behlotshiswe ngemifekethiso eyinkimbinkimbi, ubuhlalu, nezimpaphe, babuthana ezindaweni ezivulekile. Ngomsindo onesigqi wezigubhu nemitshingo, benza imidanso ebonisa izigcawu zokuphila kwansuku zonke, njengokulima, ukuzingela, kanye nemibuthano yomndeni. Le midanso ayiyona nje indlela yokuzijabulisa kodwa futhi iyindlela yokudlulisela ulwazi lwamasiko kanye namagugu ezizukulwaneni ezisencane. Isebenza njengezincwadi eziphilayo, ifundisa ngomlando wabantu baseQiang, amasiko, nendlela yokuphila. Kanye nemidanso, abantu baseQiang balungiselela nokudla okukhethekile, njengemvu eyosiwe emnandi namaqebelengwane ebhali amnandi, abawabelana ngomusa nomndeni nabangane, beqinisa izibopho zomphakathi futhi bakha umuzwa wobunye.
E-Yunnan, abantu base-Dai bagubha umkhosi ngendlela yabo ehlukile. Bahlangana eduze kwemifula namachibi, lapho bekhipha khona izibani ezincane, ezihlotshiswe kahle emanzini. Lezi zibani zihlotshiswe ngezifiso zabantu asebekhulile, ezibhalwe ngobuciko obuthambile noma ezidwetshwe ngemidwebo eyinkimbinkimbi. Njengoba izibani zintanta emanzini athambile, zifanekisela ithemba lempilo, injabulo, nokuphila isikhathi eside kwabathandekayo. Lo mkhuba ubonisa isiko lama-Dai lokuhlanzwa kwamanzi, okugcwalisa umkhosi ngokubaluleka okujulile ngokomoya. Kuyisikhathi sokuzindla nokuthandaza, njengoba abantu base-Dai beveza uthando lwabo nenhlonipho ngabantu asebekhulile kanye nokubonga kwabo ngezibusiso ezimpilweni zabo.
Ezindaweni zasemakhaya kulo lonke elaseShayina, uMkhosi we-Double Ninth uvame ukuba nomusa wasemaphandleni futhi ophansi. Ngemva kokuba abalimi abasebenza kanzima besanda kuqeda ukuvuna kwasekwindla, isikhathi somsebenzi omkhulu nokulindela, basebenzisa umkhosi njengethuba lokuphumula, ukuphumula, nokugubha imivuzo yabo eminingi. Ezigcawini zasemakhaya, inhliziyo yemiphakathi yasemakhaya, umuzwa wenjabulo nokugubha ugcwele emoyeni. Abalimi baletha i-Double Ninth Cake eyenziwe ekhaya, iwayini le-chrysanthemum elibilisiwe, nezithelo ezintsha ezivela ngqo emapulazini abo. Iphunga lokudla kanye nephunga elimnandi lewayini kuhlangana, okudala isimo esimemayo nesifudumele.
Izingane, zigcwele amandla nenjabulo, zigijima zidlala imidlalo yendabuko. I-Shuttlecock, umdlalo lapho abadlali basebenzisa khona izinyawo zabo, amadolo, nezinye izingxenye zemizimba yabo ukugcina i-shuttlecock enezimpaphe emoyeni, iyindlela ethandwayo yokukhetha. Umsindo wokuhleka kanye nokuhalalisa njengoba bencintisana kugcwala idolobhana. Ukundiza nge-kite kungomunye umsebenzi owuthandayo, lapho izingane zigijima emasimini avulekile, ama-kite azo ephakama phezulu esibhakabhakeni esicwebile sasekwindla. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, abantu abadala babuthana ngamaqembu amancane, bexoxa ngomdlandla ngesivuno, bexoxa ngezindaba zokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo emasimini, futhi benza izinhlelo zobusika obuzayo.
Kweminye imizi, kuba nomcimbi okhethekile wokuhlonipha abantu abadala. La malungu omphakathi ahlakaniphile futhi anolwazi anikezwa izipho njengophawu lwenhlonipho nokubonga. Bese bemenywa ukuthi babelane ngokuhlakanipha kwabo, izifundo zokuphila, kanye nezindaba nesizukulwane esisha. Lokhu kushintshana akusiyona nje indlela yokudlulisela ulwazi kodwa futhi kuyindlela yokuqinisa izibopho zezizukulwane ngaphakathi kwedolobha. Eminye imiphakathi ihlela ngisho nemiboniso yokubhula yendabuko, lapho kuboniswa khona amasu okulima asendulo. Le miboniso isebenza njengesikhumbuzo sezimpande zezolimo zomkhosi kanye nokubaluleka kokuhlonipha inhlanhla yemvelo. Iphinde isize ekulondolozeni ulwazi namakhono okulima endabuko, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awalahleki ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Ngisho nasemadolobheni anamuhla asheshayo, lapho izidingo zomsebenzi nokuphila kwansuku zonke zingaba nzima khona, uMkhosi we-Double Ninth ugcina ubuhle bawo obungapheli. Intsha eningi, naphezu kwezinhlelo zayo ezimatasa, yenza umzamo oqotho wokuvakashela abazali bayo noma ogogo nomkhulu ngosuku lomkhosi. Babonisa uthando lwabo nokunakekela ngokuletha izipho zezingubo ezifudumele, ezithandwa kakhulu njengoba isimo sezulu siba makhaza, noma izithako zempilo zokusekela inhlalakahle yezihlobo zabo ezindala. Abanye bakhipha ogogo nomkhulu babo bayodla endaweni yokudlela enhle, bekhetha indawo ekhonza ukudla kwendabuko ukuze benze lesi senzakalo sibe sikhetheke nakakhulu.
Ezinye izinkampani ziye zaqaphela ukubaluleka kwamasiko omkhosi futhi zahlela imisebenzi yokwakha iqembu elizungezile. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo kwamaqembu, lapho abasebenzi bengajabulela khona umoya omusha kanye nezindawo ezinhle zasekwindla ngenkathi bezana kangcono, kuyisinqumo esithandwayo. Uhambo lokubuka i-chrysanthemum nalo luyahlelwa, okuvumela abasebenzi ukuba babone ubuhle bembali ephawulekayo yomkhosi endaweni ekhululekile neyomphakathi. Le misebenzi ayikhuthazi nje kuphela abasebenzi ukuthi baxhumane ezingeni lomuntu siqu kodwa futhi ikhuthaza ukugujwa kwamasiko endabuko endaweni yokusebenza.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngentuthuko esheshayo yobuchwepheshe, imikhosi eku-inthanethi nayo iye yathandwa kakhulu. Abantu babelana ngezithombe namavidiyo emisebenzi yabo yemikhosi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, okuvumela abangani nomndeni abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba ukuthi bahlanganyele kulo mkhosi nge-inthanethi. Imikhonzo ithunyelwa ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo, ngokuvamile ihambisana nezithombe ezinhle nezifiso ezisuka enhliziyweni. Kuvele imibukiso ye-chrysanthemum eku-inthanethi, lapho abantu bengabonisa khona imisebenzi yabo yobuciko ehlobene ne-chrysanthemum, izithombe, nezindaba. Okuhlangenwe nakho kweqiniso okungokoqobo nakho kuye kwathuthukiswa, okuvumela labo abangakwazi ukuhamba ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene ukuthi "bakhuphuke" izintaba ezidumile noma bavakashele izingadi ze-chrysanthemum. Lokhu kusungula izinto ezintsha kwedijithali akugcini nje ngobufakazi bokuzivumelanisa nezimo komkhosi kodwa futhi kuyindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi amasiko namasiko awo ayisisekelo ayalondolozwa futhi adluliselwe esikhathini sedijithali.
Esinye sezici ezithinta inhliziyo kakhulu zamasiko esifunda se-Double Ninth Festival ukuthi wonke, naphezu kokungafani kwawo, abuyela emuva ezindinganisweni ezifanayo eziyinhloko: inhlonipho ngabantu asebekhulile, uthando lomndeni, kanye nokwazisa imvelo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyimibukiso ye-grand chrysanthemum enyakatho, umbhoshongo - ukukhuphuka eningizimu, uhambo lwesikebhe empumalanga, noma imikhosi ethile yobuzwe entshonalanga, isiko ngalinye liyindlela ehlukile yokubonakaliswa kwalezi zindinganiso. La masiko asebenza njengendlela yokwakha ukuxhumana okunenjongo, kokubili emindenini naphakathi kwemiphakathi.
Umehluko wesifunda ekugujweni komkhosi nawo wenza kube yinto yamasiko enamandla futhi ethakazelisayo. Abantu abavela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zaseShayina banethuba lokwabelana ngamasiko abo nokufunda komunye nomunye, bekhuthaza ukushintshana ngamasiko nokuqonda. Ukushintshana komphakathi, njengoMkhosi wamasiko weChrysanthemum waminyaka yonke eKaifeng, kudlala indima ebalulekile kule nqubo. Le mikhosi ikhuthaza ngenkuthalo ingxoxo yamasiko ehlukene yesifunda, ihlanganisa abantu abavela ezizindeni ezahlukene ukuze babonise amasiko abo ahlukile, izinhlobo zobuciko, kanye nokudla. Ngalezi zingxoxo, ukuqonda okujulile kwefa elihlukahlukene laseShayina kuyakhuliswa, futhi umuzwa wobunye besizwe nokuziqhenya uyaqiniswa.
Njengoba uMkhosi we-Double Ninth uqhubeka ugujwa kulo lonke elaseShayina, amasiko awo esifunda awagcini nje ngokulondolozwa kodwa futhi ayashintsha ukuze ahlangabezane nezikhathi ezishintshayo. Izizukulwane ezisencane, ngemibono yazo emisha kanye nemibono emisha, zithola izindlela ezintsha zokuhlonipha isiko ngenkathi zengeza izinto zazo ezihlukile. Isibonelo, abanye bahlela ukuhamba ngezinyawo okunobungani nemvelo, lapho abahlanganyeli bengagcini nje ngokujabulela ubuhle bemvelo kodwa futhi bazinika isikhathi sokuthatha udoti, bekhuthaza ukuqwashisa ngemvelo kanye nokulondolozwa kwayo. Ezweni lokupheka, ababhali bezincwadi zokudla kanye nabapheki bazama izindlela zokupheka ezihlanganisiwe, behlanganisa ukunambitheka kwendabuko koMkhosi we-Double Ninth namasu okupheka esimanje. Lokhu kuhumusha kwanamuhla kwezitsha zendabuko akugcini nje ngokukhanga izilaleli ezisencane kodwa futhi kwethula umkhosi ezilalelini zomhlaba wonke, kusabalalisa isiko laseShayina kude nakude.
Amanyuvesi nawo aqaphele ukubaluleka kokufunda lo mkhosi ngombono we-anthropology. Manje anikeza izifundo nge-anthropology yomkhosi, ekhuthaza abafundi ukuthi babhale phansi futhi bahlaziye imikhuba eyahlukene yesifunda ehlobene noMkhosi We-Double Ninth. Ngamaphrojekthi ocwaningo, umsebenzi wasensimini, kanye nezingxoxo zezemfundo, abafundi bathola ukuqonda okujulile ngokubaluleka kwamasiko, kwezenhlalo, kanye nomlando womkhosi. Lokhu kuthakasela kwezemfundo akusizi nje kuphela ukulondoloza amasiko omkhosi kodwa futhi kunegalelo emkhakheni obanzi wezifundo zamasiko.
Ekugcineni, amasiko esifunda e-Double Ninth Festival ayibufakazi obunamandla bokwehlukahlukana nokuceba kwamasiko aseShayina. Abonisa ukuthi naphezu kwezindlela ezahlukene abantu abagubha ngazo, bahlanganiswe uthando oluhlanganyelwe lomndeni, inhlonipho ejulile ngabantu asebekhulile, kanye nokuxhumana okuhlala njalo nefa labo lamasiko. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu usedolobheni elikhulu elimatasa noma edolobhaneni elincane elithule, i-Double Ninth Festival yisikhathi sokuhlangana ndawonye, sigubhe injabulo yokuphila, futhi sijabulele izikhathi ezibalulekile ngempela. Izinhlelo zokuvakasha kwamasiko nazo zisebenzise ukukhanga komkhosi, zinikeza "Imizila Emibili Yesishiyagalolunye" eqondisa abahambi ezindaweni ezinemikhosi eyingqayizivele. Le mizila inikeza ifasitela lamasiko angapheli aseShayina kanye nesimanje sayo esiphilayo, okuvumela izivakashi zasekhaya nezakwamanye amazwe ukuba zizwe umkhosi ngayo yonke inkazimulo nokwehlukahluka kwawo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-29-2025