Ukuphepha emlilweni kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu embonini yokwakha, okudala isidingo sezinto ezisebenza kahle ezingamelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukusabalala komlilo okuhamba kancane, nokunciphisa ukudluliselwa kokushisa. Ama-mica flakes angamelani nomlilo, anokuqina kwawo kokushisa okumangalisayo (amelana nokushisa okufika ku-1200°C), ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuphansi, kanye nezakhiwo ezingashi, avele njengesithako esibalulekile ekwakheni izinto ezingamelana nomlilo. Ngokungafani nezinto ezivimbela umlilo zokwenziwa ezingase zikhiphe amagesi anobuthi lapho zishiswa, ama-mica flakes angokwemvelo, awanobuthi, futhi agcina ubuqotho bawo besakhiwo ngisho nasekushiseni okukhulu, okwenza afaneleke kakhulu ezicabheni zomlilo, amakhethini omlilo, kanye namaphaneli okuvikela udonga.

Ekwenzeni iminyango yomlilo, ama-mica flakes axutshwa ne-fiber yokhuni noma i-fiber yamaminerali ukuze kudalwe izinto eziyinhloko ezingamelani nomlilo. Uma kufakwa ama-20%-30% ama-mica flakes angamelani nomlilo (usayizi wezinhlayiya ezingu-40-80 μm) ezintweni eziyinhloko, isilinganiso sokumelana nomlilo somnyango womlilo singathuthukiswa kusuka kumaminithi angu-30 kuya kumaminithi angu-90-120. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-mica flakes akha ungqimba oluqinile, oluvikela ukushisa uma luvezwa emlilweni, oluvimba ukudluliselwa kokushisa futhi luvimbele umnyango ukuthi ungashi noma udilike. Umkhiqizi wezinto zokwakha e-UK uhlole iminyango yethu yomlilo eqiniswe yi-mica ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zomlilo (ISO 834): iminyango igcine ukuqina kwayo kwesakhiwo imizuzu engu-110, kanti izinga lokushisa elingemuva lihlala ngaphansi kuka-140°C (umkhawulo wokusabalala komlilo), lidlula izidingo zeminyango yomlilo ye-Class B.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iminyango yomlilo enama-mica flakes ibonise ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezimweni zomlilo wangempela. Emlilweni wesakhiwo sokuhlala esinezitezi eziningi e-Australia, iminyango yomlilo equkethe ama-mica flakes ilibazise ukusabalala komlilo nentuthu, okuvumela izakhamuzi isikhathi esengeziwe sokuphuma ngokuphepha. Ngemva komlilo, kwatholakala ukuthi le minyango igcine ingxenye enkulu yokuqina kwesakhiwo sayo, okwasiza ekunciphiseni umonakalo ophelele esakhiweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-mica flakes athuthukisa amandla okusebenza kwe-fire door cores, anciphisa ukugoba nokuqhekeka ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokusetshenziswa. Isakhiwo esixhumene esakhiwe ama-mica flakes ngaphakathi kwento eyinhloko sisebenza njengenethiwekhi yokuqinisa, sihlinzeka ngokusekelwa okwengeziwe kanye nokuzinza. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukumelana nomlilo kodwa futhi kwandisa isikhathi senkonzo yeminyango yomlilo.

Kumakhethini omlilo—izithiyo eziguquguqukayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuvala izindawo ezivame ukusha ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano—ama-mica flakes ambozwa ezindwangu ezingamelani nokushisa okuphezulu njenge-glass fiber noma i-aramid fiber. I-mica coating (equkethe ama-mica flakes angu-50%-60%) isebenza njengesivikelo sokushisa, ikhombisa ukushisa okufika ku-85% futhi ivimbele indwangu ukuthi incibilike. Isitolo esikhulu eSpain sifake amakhethini omlilo aphathwe ngama-mica flakes ethu angamelani nomlilo: ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komlilo okulingisiwe, amakhethini amisa ukusabalala kwamalangabi imizuzu engu-80, enikeza isikhathi esanele sokususa nokuqeda umlilo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukuqondiswa kwama-mica flakes ephepheni kungathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwamakhethini omlilo. Uma ama-mica flakes ehlelwe kahle ngesikhathi senqubo yokumboza, angakha isithiyo esisebenza kahle ekushiseni namalangabi. Ithimba lethu le-R&D lithuthukise inqubo yokumboza eyingqayizivele eqinisekisa ukuqondiswa kwama-flake okuhle kakhulu, okwandisa izakhiwo zamakhethini ezingashi.

Ngokungafani nezingubo zokuvikela umlilo zendabuko eziwohloka ngemva kokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe, izingubo zokuvikela ezisekelwe ku-mica ziqinile kakhulu, zigcina izakhiwo zazo ezingashisi kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10 ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okuningi. Lokhu kuphila isikhathi eside kwenza amakhethini okuvikela umlilo ahlanganiswe ne-mica abe yisisombululo esingabizi kakhulu sezakhiwo zezentengiselwano, okunciphisa isidingo sokushintsha njalo kanye nezindleko zokulungisa ezihambisanayo.

Kumaphaneli okuvikela udonga, ama-mica flakes afakwa ezintweni zokuvikela ezisekelwe ku-gypsum noma kusimende ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuvikela ukufudumala kanye nokumelana nomlilo. Ukwengeza ama-mica flakes angu-15%-25% kumaphaneli okuvikela ukufudumala kwe-gypsum kunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kokushisa kusuka ku-0.17 W/(m·K) kuya ku-0.12 W/(m·K), kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ngo-25%-30%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukumelana nomlilo kwamaphaneli kukhuliswa kakhulu—awavuthi noma akhiphe intuthu enobuthi lapho evezwa emalangabini avulekile, okuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha komlilo eziqinile ze-European Union (EN 13501-1) kanye ne-United States (ASTM E84).

Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa ukumelana nomlilo kanye nokushisa, ama-mica flakes nawo anegalelo ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-acoustic kwamaphaneli okushisa odongeni. Isakhiwo esiqhekekile se-mica sisiza ukumunca nokunciphisa amaza omsindo, kunciphisa ukudluliswa komsindo phakathi kwamakamelo. Lokhu kwenza amaphaneli okushisa aqiniswe yi-mica abe ukukhetha okuhle kwezakhiwo lapho ukuvimbela umsindo kuyinto eza kuqala khona, njengamahhotela, izikole, kanye nezibhedlela.

Iphrojekthi yokwakha izindlu eJalimane isebenzise la maphaneli okushisa aqiniswe nge-mica: izakhiwo zithole isilinganiso esihle kakhulu se-BREEAM sokusebenza kahle kwamandla, futhi ukuhlolwa kokuphepha komlilo kuqinisekisile ukuthi amaphaneli abe negalelo ekunciphiseni okungu-40% engcupheni yokusabalala komlilo uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisa okujwayelekile. Impumelelo yalo msebenzi iholele ekwandeni kwesithakazelo kumaphaneli okushisa aqiniswe nge-mica kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kanye nabathuthukisi abaningi kanye nabakhi bezinkampani abachaza amaphrojekthi abo.

Ama-mica flakes ethu angashisi atholakala ngezigaba ezimbili: ama-muscovite mica flakes angashisi kakhulu (azinzile kufika ku-750°C) kanye nama-phlogopite mica flakes ashisa kakhulu (azinzile kufika ku-1200°C). Izinkomba zobuchwepheshe ezibalulekile zifaka: okuqukethwe komswakama ≤0.3%, okuqukethwe komlotha ≤0.5%, ukuhanjiswa kokushisa ≤0.08 W/(m·K), kanye nesilinganiso sokuvinjelwa komlilo (UL94) V-0. Yonke imikhiqizo ihlolwa kanzima, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kokuqina kokushisa (esithandweni somlilo esingenasici), ukuhlolwa kokusabalala komlilo (kusetshenziswa i-cone calorimeter), kanye nokuhlolwa kokukhishwa kwegesi enobuthi (ngokuvumelana ne-ISO 19702), ukuqinisekisa ukulandelwa kwemithetho yokuphepha komlilo yomhlaba wonke.

Ukuze siqinisekise ikhwalithi kanye nokuvumelana kwama-mica flakes ethu, sisebenzise uhlelo oluqinile lokulawula ikhwalithi kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhiqiza. Kusukela ekutholeni izinto zokusetshenziswa kuya ekupakishweni kokugcina, ibhetshi ngalinye lama-mica flakes liyahlolwa futhi lihlolwe ngokucophelela.

Sinikeza ukwesekwa okwenzelwe abakhiqizi bezinto zokwakha. Kubakhiqizi bezicabha zomlilo, sincoma ukusebenzisa ama-phlogopite mica flakes ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi sisiza ekwenzeni ngcono isilinganiso sokuxuba ukuze kulinganiswe ukumelana nomlilo kanye nezindleko. Kuma-coaters endwangu yamakhethini omlilo, sinikeza ama-mica flakes ane-micronized (usayizi wezinhlayiya ezingu-10-20 μm) akha ungqimba olubushelelezi nolulinganayo ngaphandle kokuthinta ukuguquguquka kwendwangu. Ithimba lethu lobuchwepheshe liphinde liqhube ukuqeqeshwa endaweni ngamasu okusabalala kwe-mica flake, ukuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo ezintweni ukuze kugwenywe izindawo ezibuthakathaka ekumelaneni nomlilo.

Ngaphezu kokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe, siphinde sinikeze izinsizakalo zokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Uma amakhasimende enezidingo ezithile zezakhiwo ze-mica flake, njengokusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya, ukwelashwa kwendawo, noma umbala, ithimba lethu le-R&D lingasebenzisana nabo eduze ukuthuthukisa ikhambi elenziwe ngokwezifiso. Lokhu kuguquguquka kusenza sikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zamakhasimende ethu embonini yezinto zokwakha.

Kwezokuthutha, sisebenzisa ukupakishwa okuvalwe ngokushisa, okumelana nomswakama (25 kg/isikhwama) ukuvimbela ama-mica flakes ukuthi angamunci umswakama, okunganciphisa ukusebenza kwawo okungamelani nomlilo. Sisebenzisana nezinkampani zokuthumela ezingochwepheshe bezinto zokwakha, siletha imikhiqizo eYurophu, eNyakatho Melika naseMpumalanga Ephakathi zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-20-35.