I-Kaolin iyi-mineral non-metallic, okuwuhlobo lwedwala lobumba nobumba ikakhulukazi elakhiwe amaminerali obumba weqembu le-Kaolinite.Ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okumhlophe nokuthambile, yaziwa nangokuthi inhlabathi ye-Baiyun.Iqanjwe ngeGaoling Village eJingdezhen, esifundazweni saseJiangxi.

I-kaolin yayo emsulwa imhlophe, intekenteke futhi ifana ne-Mollisol, inopulasitiki omuhle, ukumelana nomlilo nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo namakhemikhali.Ukwakheka kwayo kwamaminerali ikakhulukazi kwakhiwe i-Kaolinite, i-halloysite, i-hydromica, i-Illite, i-Montmorillonite, i-quartz, i-feldspar namanye amaminerali.I-Kaolin isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iphepha, izitsha zobumba, kanye nezinto eziphikisayo, kulandelwa izinto zokumboza, izigcwalisi zenjoloba, okoqweqwe lwawo koqweqwe lwawo, kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa zikasimende omhlophe.Imali encane isetshenziswa kupulasitiki, upende, izingulube, amasondo okugaya, amapensela, izimonyo zansuku zonke, insipho, izibulala-zinambuzane, imithi, izindwangu, i-petroleum, amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha, ukuvikela izwe kanye neminye imikhakha yezimboni.
I-Kaolin isiphenduke i-mineral material eluhlaza ebalulekile ezimbonini eziningi ezifana ne-papermaking, i-ceramics, i-raber, ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, i-coatings, i-pharmaceuticals, kanye nokuvikela izwe.

Imboni ye-ceramic iyimboni yokuqala futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi ekusetshenzisweni kwe-kaolin.Umthamo ojwayelekile ungama-20% kuya ku-30% wefomula.Indima ye-kaolin kuma-ceramics ukwethula i-Al2O3, enenzuzo ekwakhekeni kwe-mullite, ithuthukise ukuqina kwayo kwamakhemikhali namandla e-sintering.Ngesikhathi sokushisa, i-kaolin iyabola ukuze yakhe i-mullite, yakha uhlaka oluyinhloko lwamandla omzimba.Lokhu kungavimbela ukuguqulwa komkhiqizo, kwandise izinga lokushisa lokudubula, futhi kunikeze umzimba izinga elithile lobumhlophe.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-kaolin ine-plasticity ethile, ukuhlangana, ukumiswa kanye nekhono lokubopha, okwenza ubumba lwe-porcelain kanye ne-porcelain glaze ibe nokuhleleka okuhle, okwenza umzimba wobumba we-porcelain uvumelane nokuphenduka, ukugxusha nokwakheka.Uma isetshenziswa ezintanjeni, ingakhuphula ukufakwa kwe-insulation futhi inciphise ukulahleka kwe-dielectric.

I-Ceramics ayinayo kuphela izidingo eziqinile ze-plasticity, ukunamathela, ukuncipha kokumisa, amandla okomisa, ukuncibilika kwe-sintering, izakhiwo ze-sintering, ukumelana nomlilo, nokukhishwa komlilo okumhlophe kwe-kaolin, kodwa futhi kuhilela izakhiwo zamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi ukuba khona kwezakhi ze-chromogenic ezifana nensimbi, i-titanium, ithusi, i-chromium, ne-manganese, enciphisa ubumhlophe bokudubula futhi ikhiqize amabala.
Isidingo sosayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-kaolin ngokuvamile ukuthi incinyane ibe ngcono, ukuze udaka lwe-porcelain lube nepulasitiki enhle namandla okomisa.Kodwa-ke, ngezinqubo zokuphonsa ezidinga ukukhishwa okusheshayo, isivinini esisheshayo se-grouting, nesivinini sokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, kuyadingeka ukwandisa usayizi wezinhlayiya zezithako.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umehluko ku-crystallinity ye-Kaolinite ku-kaolin izophinde ithinte kakhulu ukusebenza kwezobuchwepheshe komzimba we-ceramic.Nge-crystallinity enhle, i-plasticity kanye nekhono lokubopha lizoba liphansi, ukuncipha okomisa kuzoba kuncane, izinga lokushisa le-sintering lizoba phezulu, futhi okuqukethwe kokungcola kuzoncishiswa;Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-plasticity yayo iphakeme, i-drying shrinkage inkulu, izinga lokushisa le-sintering liphansi, futhi okuqukethwe kokungcola okuhambisanayo nakho kuphakeme.