I-Kaolin iyiminerali engeyona eyensimbi, uhlobo lwedwala lobumba nobumba olulawulwa yiminerali yobumba ye-kaolinite. Ngenxa yokuthi imhlophe futhi ithambile, ibizwa nangokuthi inhlabathi yamafu amhlophe. Iqanjwe ngegama leGaoling Village, eJingde Town, eSifundazweni saseJiangxi.

I-kaolin yayo emsulwa imhlophe, ithambile futhi ithambile njengobumba, futhi inezakhiwo ezinhle zomzimba nezamakhemikhali njengokuqina kanye nokumelana nomlilo. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamaminerali kwakhiwe kakhulu yi-kaolinite, i-halloysite, i-hydromica, i-illite, i-montmorillonite, i-quartz, i-feldspar kanye nezinye izimbiwa. I-Kaolin inezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa ekwenzeni iphepha, izinto zobumba kanye nezinto eziphikisayo, kulandelwa izembozo, izigcwalisi zerabha, ama-enamel glaze kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa zesimende esimhlophe, kanye nenani elincane elisetshenziswa kumapulasitiki, opende, imibala, amasondo okugaya, amapensela, izimonyo zansuku zonke, insipho, izibulala-zinambuzane, imithi, izindwangu, uphethiloli, amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha, ukuvikela izwe kanye neminye imikhakha yezimboni.
Ukukhanya Okumhlophe Okugoqiwe
Ubumhlophe bungenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokusebenza kobuchwepheshe be-kaolin, kanti i-kaolin enobumsulwa obuphezulu imhlophe. Ubumhlophe be-kaolin buhlukaniswe ngobumhlophe bemvelo kanye nobumhlophe ngemva kokubalwa kwe-calcination. Kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-ceramic, ubumhlophe ngemva kokubalwa kwe-calcination bubaluleke kakhulu, futhi uma ubumhlophe bokubalwa kwe-calcination buphakeme, ikhwalithi iba ngcono. Ubuchwepheshe be-ceramic bubeka ukuthi ukomisa ku-105°C kuyindinganiso yokulinganisa ubumhlophe bemvelo, kanti ukubalwa kwe-calcination ku-1300°C kuyindinganiso yokulinganisa ubumhlophe bokubalwa kwe-calcination. Ubumhlophe bungalinganiswa ngemitha yokulinganisa ubumhlophe. Imitha yokulinganisa ubumhlophe iyithuluzi elilinganisa ukukhanya okunobude be-wavelength obungu-3800-7000Å (okungukuthi i-Angstrom, 1 Angstrom = 0.1 nm). Kumitha yokulinganisa ubumhlophe, qhathanisa ukukhanya kwesampula okufanele ihlolwe ngesampula ejwayelekile (njenge-BaSO4, MgO, njll.), okungukuthi, inani lobumhlophe (isibonelo, ubumhlophe obungu-90 busho u-90% wokukhanya kwesampula ejwayelekile).

Ukukhanya kuyisici senqubo efana nobumhlophe, okulingana nobumhlophe ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-wavelength engu-4570Å (Angstrom).

Umbala we-kaolin uhlobene kakhulu nama-oxide ensimbi noma izinto eziphilayo ezikuwo. Ngokuvamile, iqukethe i-Fe2O3, enombala obomvu obomvu kanye nophuzi onsundu; iqukethe i-Fe2+, enombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka; iqukethe i-MnO2, enombala onsundu okhanyayo; iqukethe izinto eziphilayo, enombala ophuzi okhanyayo, ompunga, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nomnyama. Ukuba khona kwalokhu kungcola kunciphisa ubumhlophe bemvelo be-kaolin, kanti amaminerali ensimbi kanye ne-titanium nawo athinta ubumhlophe obufakwe i-calcium, okubangela amabala noma izibazi ku-porcelain.