Itshe lentaba-mlilo (elivame ukwaziwa ngokuthi i-pumice noma i-basalt enezimbobo) liyinto esebenzayo futhi enobungani nemvelo, okuyitshe eliyigugu kakhulu elinezimbobo elakhiwe yingilazi yentaba-mlilo, amaminerali, kanye nama-bubble ngemva kokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo. Itshe lentaba-mlilo liqukethe amaminerali amaningi kanye nezinto ezilandelanayo ezifana ne-sodium, i-magnesium, i-aluminium, i-silicon, i-calcium, i-titanium, i-manganese, insimbi, i-nickel, i-cobalt, ne-molybdenum. Alinamiseli futhi linamagagasi kazibuthe akude kakhulu. Ngemva kokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo okunonya, ngemva kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi, abantu bayaqhubeka bethola inani lalo. Manje selikhulise amasimu alo okusetshenziswa emikhakheni efana nokwakha izakhiwo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukugaya, izinto zokuhlunga, amalahle e-barbecue, ukuhlobisa insimu, ukulima okungenanhlabathi, kanye nemikhiqizo yokuhlobisa, lidlala indima engenakuphikwa ezimbonini ezahlukene.

Izici ze-pumice yentaba-mlilo (i-basalt) kanye nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo zezinto zokuhlunga zezinto eziphilayo zamadwala entaba-mlilo.
Ukubukeka nesimo: Azikho izinhlayiya ezibukhali, ukumelana okuphansi nokugeleza kwamanzi, akulula ukuzivimba, amanzi nomoya osabalaliswe ngokulinganayo, indawo engcolile, isivinini esisheshayo sokulenga ifilimu, futhi ayithambekeli kakhulu ekuqhekekeni kwefilimu yamagciwane ngesikhathi sokuhlanza ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Ukuvuleka: Amatshe entaba-mlilo angokwemvelo futhi anezimbobo, okwenza abe yindawo engcono kakhulu yokukhula kwemiphakathi yamagciwane.
Amandla omshini: Ngokusho komnyango wokuhlola ikhwalithi kazwelonke, ingu-5.08Mpa, okuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi iyakwazi ukumelana nemiphumela yokugunda kwe-hydraulic yamandla ahlukene futhi inokuphila isikhathi eside kakhulu kunezinye izinto zokuhlunga.
Ubuningi: Ubuningi obumaphakathi, kulula ukubumisa ngesikhathi sokugeza ngemuva ngaphandle kokuvuza kwezinto, okungonga amandla futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa.

Ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali: Izinto zokuhlunga i-biofilter zamadwala entaba-mlilo azikwazi ukugqwala, azisebenzi, futhi azihlanganyeli ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali kwama-biofilm emvelweni.
Ugesi ongaphezulu kanye nokuthambekela kwamanzi: Ubuso be-biofilter yamadwala entaba-mlilo buneshaja enhle, ekhuthaza ukukhula okuzinzile kwama-microorganisms. Buthambekele emanzini kakhulu, inani elikhulu le-biofilm enamathiselwe, kanye nesivinini esisheshayo.

Ngokuphathelene nomthelela emsebenzini we-biofilm: Njengomthwali we-biofilm, i-biofilter media yamadwala entaba-mlilo ayinangozi futhi ayinawo umphumela wokuvimbela kuma-microorganism aqinile, futhi umkhuba ufakazele ukuthi awuthinti umsebenzi wama-microorganism.
Izici ze-Hydraulics zezinto zokuhlunga zezinto eziphilayo zamadwala entaba-mlilo.

Izinga lokungasebenzi: Isilinganiso sokungcola ngaphakathi nangaphandle singama-40%, okunokumelana okuphansi namanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zokuhlunga ezifanayo, inani elidingekayo lezinto zokuhlunga lincane, futhi umgomo wokuhlunga olindelekile nawo ungafinyelelwa.
Indawo ethile yobuso: Njengoba inendawo enkulu ethile yobuso, ukubhoboka okuphezulu, kanye nokungangeni kahle, ikhuthaza ukuthintana nokukhula kwama-microorganism, igcina i-biomass ephezulu yama-microbial, futhi ilula inqubo yokudlulisa i-oxygen, izakhamzimba, kanye nemfucuza ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-microbial.
Ukuma kwezinto zokuhlunga kanye nephethini yokugeleza kwamanzi: Ngenxa yokuthi izinto zokuhlunga zezinto eziphilayo zamadwala entaba-mlilo ziyizinhlayiya ezingacijile futhi zinezimbobo ezinkulu kunezinhlayiya ze-ceramic, azinawo ukumelana nokugeleza kwamanzi futhi zonga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla uma zisetshenziswa.

Izici zayo ukuthi inezimbobo eziningi, isisindo esincane, amandla aphezulu, ukuvikela umsindo, ukuvimbela umlilo, ukumelana ne-asidi ne-alkali, ukumelana nokugqwala, futhi ayinayo i-radioactive futhi ayinayo imisebe. Iyinto eluhlaza yemvelo efanele, enobungane nemvelo futhi esindisa amandla.