I-Silica, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-white carbon black, iyi-silica yokwenziwa engaguquki (i-SiO₂·nH₂O) enendawo ephezulu ethile, ikhono elihle kakhulu lokuqinisa kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile. Iyimpuphu emhlophe, engenabo ubuthi, engenaphunga, eyaziwa kabanzi njengento ebalulekile yokusebenza kwe-inorganic ezimbonini zesimanje zerabha kanye ne-polymer. Ngokungafani ne-carbon black, i-silica inikeza kokubili ukuqina okuphezulu kanye nokuhambisana kombala okukhanyayo, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile kumathayi aluhlaza, izimpahla zerabha ezinemibala kanye nama-elastomer asebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-silica kwezimboni kusetshenziswa kakhuluindlela yemvulafuthiindlela evuthayo. I-silica evundileikhiqizwa ngokuhlanganisa i-sodium silicate ne-asidi, kulandelwe ukuwasha, ukomisa kanye nokugaya; inendawo ethile ephakathi nendawo (150–400 m²/g) kanye nezindleko eziphansi, ilungele amathayi kanye nerabha ejwayelekile. I-silica efumile yenziwa yi-hydrolysis ephezulu ye-silicon halide, enezinhlayiya ezincane (10–40 nm), ubumsulwa obuphezulu kakhulu (SiO₂ ≥99.8%) kanye nesakhiwo seketanga le-3D, esifaneleka ukumbozwa okuphezulu, izinamathiselo kanye nezinto zikagesi.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-silica zisekuukuqinisa, ukuqina/ukuqina kwe-thixotropy, ukuvimbela ukuqina kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali. Ku-raber, yandisa amandla okudonseka ngo-200–300%, ithuthukisa ukumelana nokuguguleka futhi inciphisa ukumelana nokugoqa ngo-20–30%. Ezinhlelweni zoketshezi, yakha inethiwekhi eguquguqukayo: ijiyile lapho iphumule, incane ngaphansi kokucheba, ilungele ukumbozwa noyinki. Ayincibiliki emanzini nasezincibilikisini eziningi, imelana nokushisa futhi ayishi, iqinisekisa ukuzinza ezindaweni ezinzima.
Uhlelo lokusebenza olukhulu kunazo zonke yi-imboni yerabha (isabelo esingu-≈58%), ikakhulukazi amathayi aluhlaza. Ukufaka i-silica esikhundleni se-30–50% carbon black nge-silica kunciphisa ukumelana nokugoqa, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli ngo-5–7% futhi kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokushelela okumanzi. Iphinde isetshenziswe ezithendeni zezicathulo, emapayipini, ezimvinini kanye nasemikhiqizoni ye-silicone ukuze ihlale isikhathi eside futhi ikwazi ukucutshungulwa kangcono. Ezimbozweni/kuyinki, i-silica isebenza njenge-anti-setling, control rheology kanye ne-matting agent. Kwezolimo, isebenza njengomthwali kanye nomsabalalisi wezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nomanyolo.
Ukukhetha ikhwalithi kugxile kuindawo ethile yobuso, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya, i-pH kanye nomswakama. I-silica esezingeni eliphezulu inobuncane obuhlala bukhona, ukungcola okuncane kanye nokusabalala okuhle. Njengomhlinzeki ochwepheshe, sinikeza i-silica yezinga lerabha, izinga lokumboza kanye nezinga lokudla ngekhwalithi ezinzile kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nomnyama wekhabhoni, i-silica inikezaukuhambisana kombala, ukumelana okuphansi kokugoqa kanye nokuqina okungcono kwe-UVAkuyona nje into yokugcwalisa kodwa futhi ikhuthaza ukusebenza kahle kwezinto zesimanje. Njengoba amathayi aluhlaza ekhula futhi ekhiqizwa ngendlela esezingeni eliphezulu, i-silica isalokhu ibalulekile.
Singochwepheshe ekukhiqizweni nasekuhlinzekweni kwe-silica, sinikeza amamaki enziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokulethwa ngobuningi. Ukuze uthole imininingwane, amasampula kanye namanani, xhumana nathi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-15-2026