I-Bentonite iyiminerali engeyona eyensimbi ikakhulukazi eyakhiwe i-montmorillonite.Isakhiwo se-montmorillonite siwuhlobo lwekristalu lwesakhiwo esingu-2:1 esakhiwe i-silica tetrahedra emibili ehlanganiswe nongqimba lwe-aluminium oxide octahedra.Ngenxa yesakhiwo esinezingqimba esakhiwe amangqamuzana ekristalu e-montmorillonite, kukhona ama-cations athile, afana ne-Cu, Mg, Na, K, njll. ngakho-ke banezakhiwo ezinhle zokushintshanisa i-ion.Kwamanye amazwe, isetshenziswe eminyangweni engaphezu kwe-100 emikhakheni engama-24 yokukhiqizwa kwezimboni nezolimo, enemikhiqizo engaphezu kuka-300, yingakho abantu beyibiza ngokuthi "inhlabathi yendawo yonke".

I-Bentonite yaziwa nangokuthi i-bentonite, i-bentonite, noma i-bentonite.I-China inomlando omude wokuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa i-bentonite, ekuqaleni eyayisetshenziswa njengendawo yokuhlanza.Kwakukhona izimayini zemigodi evulekile endaweni yase-Renshou eSichuan eminyakeni engamakhulu edlule, futhi abantu bendawo babebiza i-bentonite njengempushana yobumba.Isetshenziswa kabanzi ngempela kodwa inomlando weminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu kuphela.Ukutholwa kokuqala e-United States kwakusesigabeni sasendulo sase-Wyoming, lapho ubumba oluphuzi oluluhlaza, olunganwebeka lube unamathisele ngemva kokwengeza amanzi, lwaluvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-bentonite.Eqinisweni, ingxenye eyinhloko yamaminerali ye-bentonite i-montmorillonite, enokuqukethwe kwe-85-90%.Ezinye izakhiwo ze-bentonite nazo zinqunywa yi-montmorillonite.I-Montmorillonite ingavela ngemibala ehlukahlukene njengoluhlaza ophuzi, ophuzi omhlophe, ompunga, omhlophe, njalonjalo.Ingenza amabhlogo aminyene noma inhlabathi exegayo, enomuzwa oshelelayo lapho ihlikihlwa ngeminwe.Ngemuva kokungeza amanzi, umthamo wamabhuloki amancane ukhula izikhathi eziningana izikhathi ezingu-20-30, uvela esimweni esimisiwe emanzini, futhi esimweni sokunamathisela lapho kunamanzi amancane.Izakhiwo ze-montmorillonite zihlobene nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nesakhiwo sangaphakathi.

Ubumba olucushiwe

Ubumba olucushiwe luyi-adsorbent eyenziwe ngobumba (ikakhulukazi i-bentonite) njengento eluhlaza, engaphansi kokwelashwa kwe-acidification ye-inorganic, kulandelwa ukuhlanjululwa kwamanzi nokomisa.Ukubukeka kwayo kuyimpushana emhlophe e-milky, engenaphunga, ayinambitheki, ayinabuthi, futhi inokusebenza okunamandla kwe-adsorption.Ingakwazi ukukhangisa izinto ezinemibala kanye ne-organic.Kulula ukumunca umswakama emoyeni, futhi ukuwubeka isikhathi eside kuzonciphisa ukusebenza kwe-adsorption.Kodwa-ke, ukushisa okungaphezu kuka-300 degrees Celsius kuqala ukulahlekelwa amanzi acwebile, okubangela izinguquko zesakhiwo futhi kuthinte umphumela wokufiphala.Ubumba olucushiwe aluncibiliki emanzini, kumakhemikhali aphilayo, namafutha ahlukahlukene, acishe ancibilike ngokuphelele ku-hot caustic soda ne-hydrochloric acid, enobuningi obuhlobene obungu-2.3-2.5, kanye nokuvuvukala okuncane emanzini namafutha.

Inhlabathi ehlanzekile yemvelo

Ubumba olumhlophe olwenzeka ngokwemvelo olunezinto ezingokwemvelo zokushibilika ubumba olumhlophe, olumpunga olumhlophe ikakhulukazi olwakhiwe i-montmorillonite, i-albite, ne-quartz, futhi iwuhlobo lwe-bentonite.
Ikakhulukazi umkhiqizo wokubola kwamadwala entaba-mlilo ayingilazi, angandi ngemva kokumunca amanzi, futhi inani le-pH lokumiswa lihlukile kulelo le-alkaline bentonite;Ukusebenza kwayo kubi kakhulu kunobumba olucushiwe.Imibala ngokuvamile ihlanganisa okuphuzi okukhanyayo, okumhlophe okuluhlaza okotshani, okumpunga, umbala womnqumo, onsundu, omhlophe wobisi, obomvu bepentshisi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njll. Imbalwa kakhulu emhlophe emsulwa.Ukuminyana 2.7-2.9g/cm.Ukuminyana okubonakala kuvame ukuphansi ngenxa ye-porosity yayo.Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kufana nobumba obuvamile, izingxenye zamakhemikhali eziyinhloko ziyi-aluminium oxide, i-silicon dioxide, amanzi, nenani elincane lensimbi, i-magnesium, i-calcium, njll. Ayikho i-plasticity, enamandla amakhulu okukhangisa.Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-hydrous silicic acid, i-acidic ku-litmus.Amanzi athambekele ekuqhekekeni futhi anenani eliphezulu lamanzi.Ngokuvamile, ukucoleka kokuqina, kuyanda amandla okukhipha umbala.

I-bentonite ore
I-Bentonite ore iyiminerali enokusetshenziswa okuningi, kanye nekhwalithi yayo.