Ama-pigment e-iron oxide ayisigaba esibalulekile sezinto ezinombala ezingaphili, kanti ingxenye eyisisekelo iyi-iron oxides. Abekwa njengezinto ezimbili ezinkulu ezingaphili ngemuva kwe-titanium dioxide kanye nemibala engavamile enombala, esetshenziswa kakhulu kokubili emisebenzini yezimboni kanye neyansuku zonke.
Ngokwekhemikhali, zifaka kakhulu izigaba ezine: obomvu be-iron oxide, ophuzi be-iron oxide, omnyama we-iron oxide, kanye nonsundu we-iron oxide. Phakathi kwazo, obomvu be-iron oxide yibo obuvame kakhulu, obuhlanganisa cishe u-50% we-iron oxide pigments iyonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-micaceous iron oxide, esetshenziswa njenge-anti-rust pigment, kanye ne-magnetic iron oxide, yezinto zokuqopha ze-magnetic, nazo ziwela ngaphakathi kobubanzi be-iron oxide pigments. Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-iron oxide pigments ziveza imibala eminingi ngenxa yezimo ze-oxidation ezihlukene ze-iron. Isibonelo, i-iron oxide red, etholakala ku-ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃), ibonakala ibomvu; i-iron oxide ephuzi, evela ku-ferric oxide emanzi (Fe₂O₃·H₂O), iphuzi; kanti i-iron oxide emnyama, okuyi-magnetite (Fe₃O₄), ikhombisa imnyama.
Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza kahle, imibala ye-iron oxide iyamangalisa. Ukumelana kwayo ne-asidi ne-alkali kuhle kakhulu. Izinzile kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nokuhlushwa okuhlukahlukene kwama-alkali nezinto zokwakha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-samente ne-lime mortar, ngaphandle kokubangela ufulawa wezingxenye zokwakha ze-samente noma ukuthinta amandla azo. Kodwa-ke, kancane kancane iyancibilika kuma-asidi aqinile, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kokushisa kanye nezimo zokuhlushwa okuphezulu. Ngokuphathelene nokumelana nokukhanya nokushisa, imibala ye-iron oxide evamile izinzile ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lokushisa. Isibonelo, i-iron oxide ephuzi iphenduka ibe bomvu - umbala uma idlula i-130°C, kanti i-iron oxide ebomvu ijula ibe bomvu omnyama ngaphezu kwe-300°C. Noma kunjalo, amabhizinisi amaningi manje asethuthukise imikhiqizo esebenza kahle kakhulu engamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ukumelana kwayo nesimo sezulu kuvelele, kunomthelela omncane ovela ezimweni zezulu ezifana nokubanda, ukushisa, ukoma, kanye nomswakama emoyeni, okwenza ivelele ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinzile kumagesi angcolile, ayincibiliki emanzini, kumafutha amaminerali, kumafutha emifino, nasezithambisweni eziningi eziphilayo, futhi ayibonisi ukungena.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-07-2025 
