I-Diatomite, eyaziwa ngokuthi “into emangalisayo yemvelo enezimbobo”, iyiminerali yemvelo. Yakhiwa yizinsalela zezinsalela ze-diatom (ulwelwe oluneseli elilodwa oluhlala emachibini asendulo nasezilwandle ezingajulile) eminyakeni eyizigidi. I-Diatomite isetshenziswa kabanzi kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yezimbangela zayo ezihlukile, eziyenza ibe nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba nezamakhemikhali.

1. Ukwakheka kwe-Diatomite: Ukuguquka Kwezinto Eziphilayo Eminyakeni Eyizigidi

Ama-diatoms ayizinto eziphilayo ezincane ezinezindonga zamaseli e-silica, okunzima ukuzibola. Lapho lezi zidalwa zifa, amagobolondo azo e-diatom azocwila phansi kwamanzi futhi akhe ungqimba olujiyile lokuqongelela. Ngemva kwamakhulu eminyaka yokukhishwa kanye nokumbiwa kwamaminerali, lezi zingqimba ziguqulwa zibe yizindawo zomhlaba ze-diatomaceous ngaphandle kokubhubhisa isakhiwo sazo esinezimbobo. Ukwakheka kwalolu hlobo lomhlaba kudinga izimo ezithile: isitsha samanzi angajulile, umthombo ocebile we-siliceous kanye nomzimba wamanzi ozinzile, ukuze kulondolozwe igobolondo le-silica lama-diatoms.

Kulezi zinsuku, amaminerali e-diatomite asezingeni eliphezulu atholakale emhlabeni wonke, futhi amanye awo aheha kakhulu. I-China, i-United States kanye ne-Europe zonke zinezinsalela zamaminerali. Ubumsulwa kanye nesakhiwo salezi zinsalela zamaminerali kuhlukile, kodwa konke kugcina isici esiyinhloko sesakhiwo esinezimbobo ze-diatomite.

2. Izici ezibalulekile ze-diatomite: Kungani ihlukile?

Izici eziyingqayizivele ze-diatomite zivela esakhiweni sezinsalela ezakhiwe yizinto eziphilayo, okwenza ihluke kwezinye izinto zokwenziwa noma zemvelo:

Isakhiwo esinezimbobo: Ingaphakathi layo liqukethe izimbobo ezinobukhulu obuhlukene, kusukela esikalini esincane kuya esikalini esincane, kanti izimbobo zisukela ku-60% kuya ku-90%, okwenza i-diatomite ibe nendawo enkulu ethile futhi ingafinyelela ukumuncwa okunamandla kanye nokuhlunga.

Ukuqina kwamakhemikhali:Ingxenye yayo eyinhloko yi-silicon dioxide (SiO2) engaguquki, ezinzile ngamakhemikhali, imelana nama-asidi amaningi kanye nezisekelo, ayinabo ubuthi, ayinambitheki futhi inobungani nemvelo.

Izici zomzimba:Ilula futhi ilukhuni kancane, kulula ukuyicubungula ibe yimpuphu noma isimo esikhethekile, futhi ayidingi ukubhubhisa isakhiwo sayo esinezimbobo.

Ukumelana nokushisa:I-Diatomite inezinga lokuncibilika elingu-1650-1750℃, elinokumelana okuhle nokushisa kanye nokuqina ngisho nasezisetshenzisweni zokushisa okuphezulu njengokushisa kwezimboni.

Zonke lezi zici zenza i-diatomite ibe yinto eguquguqukayo kakhulu, engahlunga ngempumelelo izinhlayiya ezincane futhi imunce ukungcola, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengesigcwalisi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo.

3. Ukusetshenziswa okungokoqobo: izinzuzo ze-diatomite

I-Diatomite inezinhlobo eziningi zokusetshenziswa futhi isibe yinto ebalulekile ezimbonini eziningi. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhlanganisa izidingo zansuku zonke, ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu njalo njalo.

Ukuhlunga kwezimboni (okusetshenziswe kakhulu)

Njengesihlungi semvelo, isakhiwo esinezimbobo se-diatomite singabamba izinhlayiya ezingama-micron angu-0.1-1.0 ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa komshini kanye nokumuncwa kwe-electrostatic. Sisetshenziswa kabanzi ku:

Ukudla neziphuzo:cacisa ubhiya, iwayini, ijusi yezithelo kanye namafutha adliwayo, bese ususa ukungcola, imvubelo kanye nemibala.

Ukwelashwa ngamanzi:Hlanza amanzi okuphuza, amanzi angcolile asezimbonini kanye namanzi okubhukuda ngokususa amabhaktheriya, izinsimbi ezisindayo kanye nokungcola okungokwemvelo.

ukuvikelwa kwemvelo

I-Diatomite inamandla amakhulu okumunca, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kwezinto zokuvikela imvelo.

Ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile:ukumuncwa kodayi, izinsimbi ezisindayo (njenge-lead kanye ne-zinc) kanye nokungcola okungokwemvelo emanzini angcolile ezimboni.

Ukuhlanzwa komoya:isetshenziswa ezihlungini zomoya, izinto zodonga kanye nezingubo zokubopha ukuze ibambe ukungcola, uthuli, i-formaldehyde kanye nephunga futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yomoya wangaphakathi.

Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi:ukuthuthukisa umoya ogeleza enhlabathini kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi, ozakwabo bemunca ukungcola okuyingozi futhi bekhuthaza ukukhula okunempilo kwezitshalo.

Ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kanye nokwakhiwa

I-Diatomite iyinto eyigugu ngenxa yesisindo sayo esincane kanye nokushisa okuhle kakhulu.

Izinto zokwakha:Izinto zokwakha odongeni (njenge-diatom mud) zilawula umswakama wangaphakathi ngokumunca nokukhulula umswakama, futhi zihlinzeka ngemisebenzi yokuvikela umsindo kanye nokuvimbela umlilo ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Imikhiqizo yokuvikela ukushisa: esetshenziselwa ukuvikela ukushisa kwemishini yezimboni nezakhiwo ezifana nezitini zokuvikela ukushisa, amapayipi kanye nezindonga ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.

Eminye imikhakha

Isithako esisebenzayo: sifakwe kupende, ipulasitiki kanye nerabha ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokuqina.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezolimo: Kungasetshenziswa njengesibulala-zinambuzane semvelo (ukubhubhisa i-exoskeleton yezinambuzane) kanye nokudla okungeziwe ukuthuthukisa ukugaya kwezilwane.

Isithwali se-Catalyst: sinikeza isisekelo esiqinile semiphumela yamakhemikhali, njengokucubungula uphethiloli kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-biodiesel.

4. Indlela yokukhetha i-diatomite esezingeni eliphezulu

Akuwona wonke umhlaba we-diatomaceous onekhwalithi efanayo, kodwa ubumsulwa bawo, isakhiwo kanye nendlela yokucubungula kunquma izakhiwo zawo.

Okuqukethwe kwe-silica (SiO2):ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-80%) kuyindlela efanelekile yezimboni zokudla kanye nokuhlunga okunembe kakhulu.

Isakhiwo sembobo:Ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wembobo efanayo kungaqinisekisa umphumela wokuhlunga okuqhubekayo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokumuncwa.

Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula:Isibonelo, ukuhlanza (ukwelashwa ngokushisa okuphezulu) noma ukuwasha (ukususwa kokungcola) kungathuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo ngaphandle kokulimaza isakhiwo esinezimbobo.

Isitifiketi sokuthobela imithetho:thola abahlinzeki abathembekile, njengesitifiketi sekhwalithi nokuphepha kohlelo, isitifiketi se-ROHS, njll.

Njengomkhiqizi oqondile, sibeka phambili lezi zindinganiso. I-diatomite yethu idlule i-Confucius esezingeni eliphezulu, futhi yonke imikhiqizo kufanele ihlolwe okuqukethwe yi-silicon dioxide, ukusatshalaliswa kwe-pore kanye nezinsalela zensimbi esindayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo semboni yomhlaba wonke.

5. Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe-diatomite nezinye izinto

Isihlabathi se-Quartz: Uma siqhathaniswa nesihlabathi se-quartz, i-diatomite inokunemba okuphezulu kokuhlunga, okungukuthi, izinga lokwenqatshwa, ingahlunga izinhlayiya ezincane isihlabathi se-quartz esingenakuzihlunga, futhi idinga ukushintshwa kancane.

I-Perlite:Nakuba ijubane lokugeleza kwe-perlite lishesha, i-diatomite isebenza kangcono ekumunceni ukungcola okungokwemvelo, futhi ikhekhe lokuhlunga lizinzile kakhudlwana, elifanele izimo zokusetshenziswa okusobala kakhulu (njengobhiya nezinye izimboni).

Ukukhetha okulungile kuncike ezidingweni zakho, kodwa i-diatomite ayifani kumaphrojekthi adinga ukucabangela ukunemba, ukusimama kanye nokuthembeka.

Isiphetho:I-Diatomite - ikhambi lemvelo ezinseleleni zanamuhla.

Kusukela ekuhlanzeni amanzi okuphuza kuya ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwezimboni, umthombo wemvelo we-diatomite kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwenza kube yinto ebalulekile emhlabeni.

Njengomhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa onemithombo yamaminerali eqondile, singanikeza izixazululo ezenzelwe wena zokuhlunga, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukwakhiwa kanye neminye imikhakha. Lezi zinhlelo ziye zahlolwa futhi zaqinisekiswa ngokuqinile, futhi ziyahambisana nesitifiketi sokuthobela imithetho emhlabeni jikelele.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna i-AIDS yokuhlunga ukudla, izinto zokwakha ezinobungani nemvelo noma izixazululo zokufaka i-adsorption ezimbonini, ithimba lethu likulungele ukukunikeza isevisi eyenzelwe wena kanye namasampula wamahhala ukukusiza ukuthola imikhiqizo efanele ye-diatomite.